NUTR*3210 - Midterm Review

1 NADH is equivalent to _ ATP

1 FADH2 is equivalent to _ ATP

In the Kreb’s cycle, per 1 molecule of acetyl coA (made in beta-oxidation), _ ATP equivalents are made.

Answer explanation

Kreb’s cycle → net energy = 3 NADH, 1 FADH2 & 1 GTP

(~12 ATP) for 1 acetyl CoA

(3 NADH x 3 ATP) + (1 FADH2 x 2 ATP) + (1 GTP x 1 ATP)

(9 ATP) + (2 ATP) + (1 ATP)

= 12 ATP

Each round of beta-oxidation removes _ carbons (acetyl CoA) and produces _ NADH and _ FADH2

• 3, 2, 1
• 2, 1, 1
• 2, 3, 1

• 1, 2, 1

1 GTP is equivalent to _ ATP

How much ATP do you get from 1 molecule of glucose (Glycolysis, Pyruvate dehydrogenation, and Kreb's cycle)?

Answer explanation

Glycolysis net energy = 2 ATP + 2 NADH (2 NADH = 6 ATP) = ~8 ATP

Pyruvate dehydrogenation net energy = 1 NADH (equivalent to 3 ATP) x 2 because two pyruvates (total = 6 ATP)

Kreb’s cycle net energy = 3 NADH, 1 FADH2 & 1 GTP (~12 ATP) X 2 because 2 acetyl CoA (total = 24 ATP)

TOTAL ENERGY = 38 ATP

In glycogenesis, insulin ______ glycogen synthase

• inhibits

• activates

Answer explanation

Glycogen synthase removes a Pi from glucose-1-phosphate to produce glycogen

The ________ describes the total energy released during a chemical reaction between a hydrocarbon and oxygen to release CO2, H2O, and heat.

True or false? Lipids are more oxidized than CHO and protein.

• False

• True

Answer explanation

Lipids are less oxidized than CHO and protein and have lots of hydrogen atoms available for cleavage and oxidation for energy.

Which of the following is NUTRITIONALLY the most important monosaccharide?

• pentose

• hexose

• triose

Answer explanation

Trioses are metabolites of glucose.