Quiz about Biology of Skin Color

Question 1

Indigenous (native) people of which country would be expected to have the darkest skin color?

Accepted Answer

Northwestern Brazil

Answer

Southwestern Canada

Answer

Southwestern China

Answer

Western Australia

Question 2

Indigenous (native) people of which country would be expected to have the lightest skin color?

Accepted Answer

Southwestern Canada

Answer

Northwestern Brazil

Answer

Southwestern China

Answer

Western Australia

Question 3

Which factor is directly responsible for the skin pigmentation you were born with?

Accepted Answer

Different amounts and types of melanin

Answer

Your exposure to the sun

Answer

The food you eat

Answer

Weather you live in hot or cold temperatures

Question 4

What does melanin protect?

Accepted Answer

All of the above

Answer

The nucleus

Answer

Nucleic acid

Answer

Folate

Question 5

What selective advantage did people have to increase melanin production?

Accepted Answer

Increased protection from folate destruction

Answer

Increased protection from skin cancer

Answer

Increased synthesis of vitamin D

Answer

All of the above

Question 6

What selective advantage did people have to lose increased melanin production? (Or in other words, to have less melanin?)

Accepted Answer

Increased synthesis of vitamin D

Answer

Increased protection from skin cancer

Answer

Increased protection from folate destruction

Answer

All of the above

Question 7

Which population would be most at risk for having a folate deficiency?

Accepted Answer

People with less melanin living near the equator

Answer

People with less melanin living near the poles

Answer

People with more melanin living near the equator

Answer

People with more melanin living near the poles

Question 8

Which population would be most at risk for developing rickets, a skeletal disorder that is caused by a lack of vitamin D, calcium, or phosphate?

Accepted Answer

People with more melanin living near the poles

Answer

People with less melanin living near the equator

Answer

People with less melanin living near the poles

Answer

People with more melanin living near the equator

Question 9

Claim: Biological traits are features that are good or bad.

Accepted Answer

False

Answer

True

Question 10

Claim: Human populations changed over many, many generations because they needed to change to increase their fitness (chance of surviving to reproduce and pass on their traits to their offspring).

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 11

UVB radiation destroys

Accepted Answer

Folate

Answer

Vitamin D

Question 12

UVB radiation makes helps produce...

Accepted Answer

Vitamin D

Answer

DNA

Question 13

What is the selective pressure for skin color?

Accepted Answer

UVB intensity

Answer

location

Answer

ability to tan

Question 14

What type of melanin results in permanently dark colored skin?

Accepted Answer

Eumelanin

Answer

Pheomelanin

Question 15

The lower the intensity of UVB radiation ...

Accepted Answer

the lighter skin can be.

Answer

the darker skin must be.

Answer

the less vitamin D you can make.

Answer

the more melanin you need.

Question 16

The more intense UVB radiation is,

Accepted Answer

The darker skin must be.

Answer

The less melanin you need.

Answer

the lighter skin can be.

Answer

the safer your DNA and folate production will be.

Question 17

Individuals can evolve.

Accepted Answer

false

Answer

true

Question 18

Species evolve over time

Accepted Answer

true

Answer

false

Question 19

Natural selection occurs in response to

Accepted Answer

all are correct

Answer

competition

Answer

environmental pressures

Answer

fitness

Question 20

Melanin

Accepted Answer

all are correct

Answer

is a natural sun screen

Answer

protects DNA from UV damage

Answer

prevents vitamin D production

Question 21

What does this image represent?

Accepted Answer

amount of ultraviolet light intensity

Answer

weather conditions

Answer

skin color

Answer

altitude

Question 22

Traveling away from the equator, what happens in general to the amount of UV intensity?

Accepted Answer

The intensity decreases.

Answer

The intensity increases

Answer

The intensity stays the same.

Answer

It is impossible to predict.

Question 23

Who would be most at risk of developing rickets, a bone disease caused by insufficient calcium absorption?

Accepted Answer

Children born to mothers with dark skin living far from the equator.

Answer

Adults with dark skin who live close to the equator.

Answer

Children born to mothers with light skin, living close to the equator.

Answer

Adults with light skin who live close to the equator.

Answer

Anyone who eats a diet that includes a lot of fish

Question 24

Your skin color is determined by your

Accepted Answer

Genetic inheritance

Answer

Environmental factors

Answer

Culture

Answer

None of the above

Question 25

What is melanin?

Accepted Answer

A protein pigment that absorbs and reflects light

Answer

A protein that is waterproof and tough

Answer

A cell found in the epidermis

Answer

A vitamin that helps you sleep

Question 26

What type of cells create melanin?

Accepted Answer

Melanocyte

Answer

Keratinocyte

Answer

Leukocyte

Answer

Erythrocyte

Question 27

Different tones of human skin color evolved

Accepted Answer

in response to varying levels of UV radiation in the environment

Answer

Randomly and for no reason at all

Question 28

If a person lives in an environment with low radiation what kind of skin color would be the best adapted

Accepted Answer

Lighter Skin tones to increase production of Vitamin D

Answer

Darker skin tones to increase production of Vitamin D Synthesis

Answer

Darker skin tones to protect DNA and Folate

Answer

Lighter Skin tones to protect DNA and Folate

Question 29

How does melanin protect cell's DNA from the damaging effects of Ultraviolet light?

Accepted Answer

Forms a protective cap over the nucleus of skin cells

Answer

It relies on folate

Answer

It doesn't you must use sunscreen

Answer

it activates vitamin D3 production which takes care of that

Question 30

The graph in Figure 2 summarizes the age at which people are diagnosed with melanoma, the most serious form of skin cancer. When would you see the most likely chance of developing skin cancer?

Accepted Answer

55-64

Answer

35-44

Answer

45-54

Answer

65-74

Question 31

Do Biologists classify specific forms of traits as good or bad. For example, long tails in cats could be classified as good and short tails as bad.

Accepted Answer

No, It depends on where they are found

Answer

Yes, traits are always good or bad

Question 32

What is the evolutionary benefit for dark skin near the equator?

Accepted Answer

Folate protection

Answer

Skin cancer protection

Answer

It has no evolutionary relationship

Answer

Easier vitamin D production

Question 33

What is the evolutionary benefit of light skin in the northern latitude.

Accepted Answer

Easier vitamin D production

Answer

Skin cancer protection

Answer

Folate Protection

Answer

It has no evolutionary relationship

Question 34

What does sunlight (UV exposure) do to folate in our body?

Accepted Answer

breaks it down

Answer

builds it up

Answer

creates it

Answer

makes it stronger

Question 35

Folate is:

Accepted Answer

all of the above

Answer

a B-Vitamin

Answer

used to make DNA and other genetic material

Answer

important for pregnancy

Question 36

What do you predict would happen to the frequency of the genes that cause more of the molecules to be made in a population over time?

Accepted Answer

It would increase because individuals with the genes pass it to offspring.

Answer

It would increase

Answer

It would decrease because they don't need those genes.

Answer

It would stay the same.

Question 37

Which statement is most correct?

Accepted Answer

Traits can be harmful or hurtful depending on the environment.

Answer

Traits are good or bad.

Answer

Traits are always helpful or hurtful, regardless of the environment.

Answer

Traits are helpful or bad.

Question 38

The graph in Figure 2 summarizes the age at which people are diagnosed with melanoma, the most serious form of skin cancer. Why does protection from skin cancer not explain the strong selective pressure for dark skin in high UV ares.

Accepted Answer

Because many people get skin cancer at an older age after they have already had children and probably passed the gene onto them.

Answer

Because the median age is 63.

Answer

Because most people get skin cancer at a young age.

Answer

Because most people get skin cancer at an old age.

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