Periglaciation

1. What is a periglacial environment characterized by?

• High temperatures and heavy rainfall

• Cold climate conditions and freeze-thaw cycles

• Tropical vegetation and abundant wildlife

• Arid conditions with occasional flash floods

Answer explanation

A periglacial environment is characterized by cold climate conditions and freeze-thaw cycles.

2. What is the process called where water in the soil freezes and expands, causing soil movement?

• Solifluction

• Nivation

• Abrasion

• Deflation

Answer explanation

Solifluction is the process where water in the soil freezes and expands, causing soil movement.

3. Which landform is a result of frost heaving and is characterized by a patterned ground?

• Drumlin

• Esker

• Stone polygons

• Moraine

Answer explanation

Stone polygons are a landform resulting from frost heaving, characterized by patterned ground.

4. What is the term for large areas of blocky, angular rocks at the base of a cliff formed by freeze-thaw weathering?

• Talus slopes

• Kames

• Pingos

• Loess deposits

Answer explanation

Talus slopes are large areas of blocky, angular rocks at the base of a cliff formed by freeze-thaw weathering.

5. Which periglacial landform is a mound of earth-covered ice found in the Arctic and subarctic regions?

• Drumlin

• Pingo

• Esker

• Moraine

Answer explanation

A pingo is a mound of earth-covered ice found in the Arctic and subarctic regions.

6. What is the name of the process that involves the downward movement of waterlogged soil over impermeable material?

• Gelifluction

• Plucking

• Abrasion

• Hydrolysis

Answer explanation

Gelifluction is the process of downward movement of waterlogged soil over impermeable material.

7. What are thermokarst landscapes formed by?

• The melting of ground ice in permafrost areas

• The deposition of glacial till

• Wind erosion in desert environments

• Coastal wave action

Answer explanation

Thermokarst landscapes are formed by the melting of ground ice in permafrost areas.

8. What is a palsa?

• A large boulder transported by glacial ice

• A low, oval mound of earth and stones

• A frost-induced elevation in peatlands

• A steep-sided hill formed by glacial erosion

Answer explanation

A palsa is a frost-induced elevation in peatlands.

9. Which feature is formed by the accumulation of wind-blown silt in periglacial environments?

• Loess

• Moraine

• Drumlin

• Esker

Answer explanation

Loess is formed by the accumulation of wind-blown silt in periglacial environments.

10. What is the term for the layer of permanently frozen soil found in periglacial environments?

• Permafrost

• Active layer

• Lithalsa

• Gelifluction layer

Answer explanation

Permafrost is the term for the layer of permanently frozen soil found in periglacial environments.