U9 Respiratory System

scroll shaped bones in the nasal cavity that funnel, warm, and humidify incoming air

• nasal conchae (turbinates)

• goblet cells

• vibrissae

• alveoli

NOT a function of the respiratory system

• transport O2

• warm/filter/humidify incoming air

• provide O2 for biological processes

• olfaction (smell)

• regulate blood pH

Answer explanation

The respiratory system is in charge of acquiring oxygen. However, since oxygen and carbon dioxide are transported using the blood, the cardiovascular system is responsible for gas transport.

ventilation

• movement of air into & out of lungs

• gas exchange between air and capillaries

• movement of gases throughout the body using the blood

• gas exchange between capillaries and body cells

• biological use of O2 by body cells which produces CO2

Answer explanation

We inhale in oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

external respiration

• movement of air into & out of lungs

• gas exchange between air and capillaries

• movement of gases throughout the body using the blood

• gas exchange between capillaries and body cells

• biological use of O2 by body cells which produces CO2

Answer explanation

During external respiration, O2 enters the capillary to begin its journey to body cells & CO2 leaves the capillary to be breathed out.

gas transport

• movement of air into & out of lungs

• gas exchange between air and capillaries

• movement of gases throughout the body using the blood

• gas exchange between capillaries and body cells

• biological use of O2 by body cells which produces CO2

Answer explanation

Remember, gases are transported using the blood & cardiovascular system. The respiratory system and cardiovascular system rely on each other heavily.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

internal respiration

• movement of air into & out of lungs

• gas exchange between air and capillaries

• movement of gases throughout the body using the blood

• gas exchange between capillaries and body cells

• biological use of O2 by body cells which produces CO2

Answer explanation

During internal respiration, O2 leaves the capillary and enters the body cells. CO2 enters the capillary to be transported back to the lungs.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS2-3

cellular respiration

• movement of air into & out of lungs

• gas exchange between air and capillaries

• movement of gases throughout the body using the blood

• gas exchange between capillaries and body cells

• biological use of O2 by body cells which produces CO2

Answer explanation

During cellular respiration, body cells use oxygen for various biological processes (such as muscle contraction). This produces carbon dioxide waste which must be removed from the body.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

only site of gas exchange between the air and your blood & the site of external respiration

• alveoli

• capillaries

• bronchioles

• nasal cavity

Answer explanation

The alveoli are thin microscopic air sacs in the lungs that facilitate gas exhange between the air you breathe in and your blood.

nose/nostrils, nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx

• upper respiratory tract

• lower respiratory tract

Answer explanation

The upper respiratory system ends with the larynx. The trachea is the start of the lower respiratory system.

trachea, bronchi, bronchiles, alveoli

• upper respiratory tract

• lower respiratory tract

Answer explanation

The trachea is the start of the lower respiratory tract.