Unit 6 - Kinetics and Equilibrium: Quiz 1 (Factors Affecting ...

A student conducts an experiment to determine how the temperature of water affects the rate at which an antacid tablet dissolves in the water. The student has three antacid tablets of the same size and composition. The student drops one tablet into each of three beakers containing 200. milliliters of water at different temperatures and measures the time it takes for each tablet to completely dissolve. The results are shown in the table below.

Explain, in terms of collision theory, how water temperature influences the rate of dissolving.

Answer: ​ (a)   the temperature of the water ​ (b)   the collisions between reactant particles.

• Increasing
• increases
• Decreasing
• decreases

Base your answer to the question on the information below.

Given the balanced equation for an organic reaction between butane and chlorine that takes place at 300.°C and 101.3 kilopascals:

C₄H₁₀ + Cl₂ →C₄H₉Cl + HCl

Explain, in terms of collision theory, why the rate of the reaction would decrease if the temperature of the reaction mixture was lowered to 200.°C with pressure remaining unchanged.

Answer: If the temperature of the solution ​ (a)   then the number of collisions between reactant particles ​ (b)   .​

• decreases
• increases

A chemical reaction occurs when reactant particles

• are separated by great distances

• have no attractive forces between them

• collide with proper energy and proper orientation

• convert chemical energy into nuclear energy

Given the balanced equation representing a reaction:

CH₄(g) + 2O₂(g) → CO₂(g) + 2H₂O(g) + energy

Which change in reaction conditions will increase the frequency of effective collisions between reactant molecules?

• decreasing the pressure of the reactants

• decreasing the temperature of the reactants

• increasing the concentration of the reactants

• increasing the volume of the reactants

A 3% hydrogen peroxide solution, H₂O₂(aq), is commonly used as a disinfectant. Hydrogen peroxide, H₂O₂, decomposes as represented by the balanced equation below.

2H₂O₂ → 2H₂O + O₂ + heat

State how increasing the temperature of the H₂O₂ affects the rate of the reaction.

• increases the rate of the reaction

• decreases the rate of reaction

• no affect on the rate of reaction

A collision between reactant particles is most likely to result in a reaction when the particles have proper orientation and proper

• charge

• energy

• mass

• radius

Hydrochloric acid reacts faster with powdered zinc than with an equal mass of zinc strips because the greater the surface area of the powdered zinc

• decreases the frequency of particle collisions

• decreases the activation energy of the reaction

• increases the frequency of particle collisions

• increases the activation energy of the reaction

Which sample of HCl(aq) reacts at the fastest rate with a 1.0-gram sample of iron filings?

• 10. mL of 1 M HCl(aq) at 10.^oC

• 10. mL of 1 M HCl(aq) at 25^oC

• 10. mL of 3 M HCl(aq) at 10.^oC

• 10. mL of 3 M HCl(aq) at 25^oC

According to which theory or law is a chemical reaction most likely to occur when two particles with the proper energy and orientation interact with each other?

• atomic theory

• collision theory

• combined gas law

• law of conservation of matter

“Water gas,” a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, is an industrial fuel and source of commercial hydrogen. Water gas is produced by passing steam over hot carbono btained from coal. The equation below represents this system at equilibrium:

Explain, in terms of collisions, why increasing the surface area of the hot carbon increases the rate of the forward reaction.

• collisions increase

• collisions decrease

• collisions remain the same