Genetics and Molecular Biology Quiz

What is the first step of DNA replication?

• DNA unwinds

• mRNA leaves the nucleus

• tRNA attaches to the ribosome

• DNA leaves the nucleus

During protein synthesis, what is the process of assembling a protein using the mRNA transcript called?

• Transcription

• Translation

• Replication

• Mutation

Which type of RNA carries amino acids to the ribosome?

• mRNA

• rRNA

• tRNA

• sRNA

In a Punnett square, what does a heterozygous genotype consist of?

• Two dominant alleles

• Two recessive alleles

• One dominant and one recessive allele

• One allele only

What is the phenotype?

• The genetic makeup of an organism

• The physical appearance of an organism

• The location of a gene on a chromosome

• The number of chromosomes in an organism

Which enzyme is responsible for adding nucleotides to the growing DNA strand during replication?

• Helicase

• DNA polymerase

• RNA polymerase

• Ligase

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

• It carries amino acids to the ribosome.

• It forms the structure of the ribosome.

• It carries the genetic code from DNA to the ribosome.

• It helps in the replication of DNA.

In a Punnett square, what does a homozygous recessive genotype look like?

• AA

• Aa

• aa

• AAA

What is the purpose of the ribosome during protein synthesis?

• To replicate DNA

• To synthesize mRNA

• To assemble proteins

• To transport tRNA

Which process copies the DNA within a cell?

• Transcription

• Translation

• Replication

• Mutation