Thermal Energy

With the central heating on, Darcy’s living room should be a comfortable 19°C. But the room only reaches 16°C, which is too cold. Darcy realizes that warm air is escaping through a gap underneath the door. She decides to make a device called a draft excluder (a fabric tube stuffed with foam) to keep the warm air inside the room and the cold air outside. What is the independent variable?

Darcy makes two draft excluders using different thicknesses of foam. One is 20 mm thick and the other is 40 mm thick. She tests the 20 mm draft excluder one night and the 40 mm draft excluder the next night. 

She collects the following data from her investigation.

Which statement best explains the relationship between the thickness of the draft excluder and energy transfer? 

Abby sets up an investigation using cold water and hot water. He puts three drops of red food dye in each tumbler and waits ten seconds. His results are shown below.

How can he describe the relationship between the temperature of the water and the energy of the water molecules in the system?

Ally’s car becomes uncomfortably hot during the summer if she can’t park it in the shade. She wants to design a cover for her windshield to keep her car cool when she has to park it in the sun. She can only spend $10 on materials and has one week to make a prototype. Which of the following are constraints? (There are 2 answers)

Temperature is the __________ _________ energy of moving particles

Cold things often have a _________ kinetic energy because_______

An adult penguin, which has more mass than a chick, will have______________

If 1000 J of heat was added to each material, which will have the LARGEST increase in temperature?