Science 8.11B

What is adaptation in the context of evolution?

• The process by which a species becomes better suited to its environment.

• The process by which a species becomes worse suited to its environment.

• The process by which a species becomes less diverse.

• The process by which a species becomes extinct.

Give an example of a short term environmental change and its impact on an ecosystem.

• Drought - It can promote the growth of new plant species.

• Hurricane - It can help in the dispersal of seeds and nutrients.

• Volcanic eruption - It can lead to increased fertility of the soil.

• Forest fire - It can destroy habitats and disrupt the balance of the ecosystem.

Explain the concept of long term environmental changes and how they can affect biodiversity.

• Long term environmental changes have no impact on biodiversity

• Long term environmental changes can affect biodiversity by altering habitats, causing species to adapt or migrate, and potentially leading to extinction.

• Long term environmental changes always lead to an increase in biodiversity

• Long term environmental changes only affect one species at a time

What is biodiversity and why is it important for ecosystems?

• Biodiversity is the variety of life forms in a particular area and it is important for ecosystems because it depletes essential resources for humans and disrupts ecosystem services.

• Biodiversity is the variety of life forms in a particular area and it is important for ecosystems because it hinders ecosystem resilience and stability, and does not support ecosystem services.

• Biodiversity is the variety of life forms in a particular area and it is important for ecosystems because it contributes to ecosystem resilience and stability, provides essential resources for humans, and supports ecosystem services such as pollination and nutrient cycling.

• Biodiversity is the variety of life forms in a particular area and it is important for ecosystems because it causes instability and disrupts ecosystem balance.

How does natural selection contribute to the process of evolution?

• Natural selection has no impact on evolution

• Natural selection only favors traits that decrease an organism's chances of survival

• Natural selection favors traits that increase an organism's chances of survival and reproduction, leading to the gradual change of a species over time.

• Natural selection leads to the immediate change of a species

What are limiting factors in an ecosystem and how do they impact the population of species?

• Limiting factors in an ecosystem have no impact on the population of species

• Limiting factors in an ecosystem only impact the population of one species

• Limiting factors in an ecosystem are environmental factors that limit the growth, abundance, or distribution of an organism. These factors can include food, water, shelter, space, and disease. They impact the population of species by controlling the size of the population and influencing the distribution and abundance of the species.

• Limiting factors in an ecosystem are not influenced by environmental factors

Describe an example of adaptation in a specific species and how it helps the species survive in its environment.

• The polar bear has adapted to its environment by having a thin coat of fur to keep warm in the cold climate.

• The giraffe has adapted to its environment by having a long neck to reach high leaves for food, allowing it to survive in areas with scarce vegetation.

• The elephant has adapted to its environment by having wings to fly to escape predators.

• The cheetah has adapted to its environment by having a slow speed to avoid being detected by prey.

Discuss the role of natural selection in the development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria.

• Bacteria become resistant to antibiotics by evolving into a different species.

• Antibiotic resistance in bacteria is solely due to random chance.

• Natural selection allows for the survival and reproduction of bacteria with genetic mutations that make them resistant to antibiotics.

• Natural selection has no impact on antibiotic resistance in bacteria.

Explain how human activities can lead to long term environmental changes and the impact on biodiversity.

• Human activities can lead to habitat destruction and loss of biodiversity.

• Biodiversity is not affected by habitat destruction

• Human activities have no impact on biodiversity

• Human activities only lead to short term environmental changes

How do limiting factors influence the process of natural selection in a population?

• Limiting factors have no impact on natural selection

• Limiting factors always lead to the extinction of a population

• Limiting factors only affect the appearance of individuals in a population

• Limiting factors can affect the availability of resources and impact the survival and reproduction of individuals in a population, thus influencing the process of natural selection.