SLA 1

What is the main focus of the stimulus-response (S-R) theory in relation to language acquisition?

• a. Understanding internal mechanisms of language processing

• b. Acquiring automatic linguistic habits

• c. Observing patterns of rule-governed behavior

• d. Inductively discovering linguistic structures

According to Johnson, how did Behaviorism view learning?

• a. As a process involving mental processes

• b. As the acquisition of automatic linguistic habits

• c. As the understanding of grammatical structures

• d. As the ability to induce patterns from the environment

3. Larsen-Freeman and Long suggest that S-R models are most useful in explaining which aspects of second language acquisition?

• a. Vocabulary acquisition and usage

• b. Pronunciation and formula memorization

• c. Syntactic analysis and sentence structure

• d. Semantic understanding and interpretation

4. What does Schumann propose as the key factor in successful second language acquisition according to his acculturation model?

• a. The amount of exposure to the second language
  

• b. Social and psychological integration with the TL group
  

• c. Linguistic distance from the native language
  

• d. Quantitative analysis of language data

According to Chomsky's Universal Grammar theory, every human being is biologically endowed with:

• a. A language learning device
  

• b. A language acquisition device
  

• c. A social interaction device
  

• d. A comprehension device

The Universal Grammar theory posits that the input from the environment alone is:

• a. Sufficient for language acquisition
  

• b. Insufficient for language acquisition
  

• c. The only factor influencing language development
  

• d. Unnecessary for language learning

Krashen's model suggests that a high affective filter like anxiety can prevent:

• a. Conscious learning
  

• b. Input from reaching the brain
  

• c. Comprehensible input
  

• d. Language acquisition

What is one key point discussed by Long regarding SLA in relation to interaction?

• a. Learners first learn structures and then use them in discourse
  

• b. Input alone is sufficient to explain SLA
  

• c. More modifications in interaction occur between native and non-native speakers
  

• d. Syntax is the sole focus of language learning

In what way does Swain suggest output stimulates learners in SLA?

• a. By encouraging passive comprehension
  

• b. By limiting learners to known language structures
  

• c. By promoting strategic processing needed for accurate production
  

• d. By discouraging self-observation of language production

According to Sociocultural Theory (SCT), how is language learning viewed?

• a. An individual process where language is innate
  

• b. A biologically determined process
  

• c. A socially mediated process mediated by language as a cultural artifact
  

• d. A process that does not involve collaboration