Earth's Resources

How did these two rocks form?

• Molten rock inside the Earth hardened.

• Lava from erupting volcanoes cooled and formed hard rocks.

• Rocks inside the Earth were changed under heat and pressure.

• Tiny particles of sand and shells were stuck together over time.

Which of these statements best describes how the rock formed in this wall?

• Rock layers built up over time.

• Ocean waves crashed into the rock.

• Rock broke apart by flowing water.

• Earthquakes made the rock cave in.

How does sedimentary rock form?

• hot rock cools

• rock weathers

• heat and pressure

• pieces compress together

Students are comparing different rocks. What do all rocks have in common?

• Rocks are made of two or more minerals.

• Rocks are made of two or more elements.

• Rocks are made of magma and sediments.

• Rocks are made of sand changed by pressure.

When are igneous rocks formed?

• when melted rock becomes solid

• when layers of mud are formed deep inside Earth

• when solid rock becomes melted

• when layers of mud become compressed

What is metamorphic rock?

• rock that was made under pressure from other rocks

• rock formed from layers of mud

• rock that has changed into a different kind of rock

• rock that formed when molten lava cooled

Marie is observing minerals in class and recording the physical properties of each mineral in her journal. She is looking closely at how each mineral reflects light from its surface. Which physical properties is Marie most likely observing?

• cleavage

• color

• hardness

• luster

A student observes a mineral that is colorless and harder than glass. Based on the chart, which mineral is the student observing?

• Amphibole

• Feldspar

• Garnet

• Quartz

Minerals are found almost everywhere on Earth. Many of them, such as salt and diamond, are useful to people. What is another role of minerals?

• Minerals make up rocks.

• Minerals are used to make plastic.

• Minerals are use to construct buildings.

• Minerals provide energy for heating and cooking.

What are physical properties of minerals?

• Color, hardness, luster

• density, weight, buoyancy

• transparency, size, temperature

• luster, depth, length