Genetic Information

Which process helps to preserve the genetic information stored in DNA during DNA replication?

• the replacement of nitrogen base thymine with uracil

• enzymes quickly linking nitrogen bases with hydrogen bonds

• the synthesis of unique sugar and phosphate molecules for each nucleotide

• nucleotides lining up along the template strand according to base pairing rules

Before cellular division, the cell must duplicate its DNA so that daughter cells will contain complete copies of the DNA. Which characteristic of DNA makes it most suitable as a molecule for this role?

• DNA is located in the nucleus.

• DNA is a large macromolecule.

• DNA is made of repeating sugar-phosphate subunits.

• DNA is made of two strands of complementary nucleotides.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

Use the diagram to answer the question. The DNA Replication diagram is incomplete. Which nucleotide sequence accurately show the DNA strand that would be produced during DNA replication.

• TCCA

• AGGT

• UCCU

• AGGU

Which statement best describes the process by which the millions of body cells that form a housefly can all contain the same genetic information.

• Original DNA is duplicated during replication and then distributed into two new cells.

• Original RNA is duplicated during replication and then distributed into two new cells.

• Original DNA is duplicated during replication and then distributed into four new cells.

• Original RNA is duplicated during replication and then distributed into four new cells.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

What must be transmitted to new DNA strands during replication to maintain genetic information?

• individual atoms from existing DNA strands

• individual sugars from existing DNA strands

• the sequence of bases from existing DNA strands

• the sequence of phosphates from existing DNA strands

In a flowering plant species, red flower color is dominant over white flower color. What is the genotype of any red-flowering plant resulting from this species?

• red and white alleles present on one chromosome

• red and white alleles present on two chromosomes

• a red allele present on both homologous chromosomes

• a red allele present on at least one of two homologous chromosomes

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

A scientist wants to make a change to a genetic code that will lead to the removal of one amino acid from the sequence of a protein. Which genetic material should the scientist remove?

• three genes

• three alleles

• three nucleotides

• three chromosomes

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

In order to study genetic mutations, scientists must study genetic material. Which statement describes the genetic material scientists are most likely studying?

• They study alleles that contain chromosomes, which are RNA.

• They study alleles that contain genes, which are chromosomes.

• They study chromosomes that contain DNA segments, which are RNA.

• They study chromosomes that contain genes, which are DNA segments.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Which statement best explains how organisms accomplish passing on traits to their offspring?

• Traits are acquired when parents care for their offspring.

• Offspring inherit traits when DNA is replicated during mitosis.

• Traits are inherited by the transfer of genetic material from parent to offspring.

• Offspring acquire traits when cells become specialized for certain functions.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

The presence of a specific trait is genetically inherited. There are only two possible outcomes for this trait: an individual either inherits the trait or does not inherit the trait. Which statement best describes how parents influence this trait?

• Each parent contributes two genes for this trait.

• Each parent contributes one allele for this trait.

• Each parent contributes two chromosomes for this trait.

• Each parent contributes one nitrogenous base for this trait.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2