Linguistic Repertoire and Code Choice

What is one reason for code-switching according to the text?

• Lack of social skills

• Lack of vocabulary in one language

• Desire for linguistic complexity

• Linguistic pride

Which term refers to the concept where a language used in a situation different from its usual one due to a change in topic?

• Code-switching

• Mutual intelligibility

• Diglossia

• Metaphorical switching

Fishman extended diglossia to apply to situations where historically unrelated languages were used together. In which country did he exemplify this extension?

• Switzerland

• Nigeria

• Germany

• Italy

What is the linguistic relationship between the high and low varieties in diglossic languages?

• Completely unrelated

• Similar in phonology, grammar, and lexicon

• Identical in all linguistic aspects

• Differ greatly in morphology but not in other aspects

Which term refers to the situation where two varieties of the same language are used in different conditions within a community?

• Bilingualism

• Monolingualism

• Diglossia

• Dialectology

In which type of situation might situational switching occur?

• Formal meetings

• Informal gatherings

• Educational settings

• All of the above

What distinguishes borrowings from code-switches?

• Borrowings are unconscious while code-switches are conscious

• Borrowings are morphologically and syntactically integrated while code-switches are not

• Borrowings involve adaptation to the rules of the other code

• Borrowings occur between unrelated languages while code-switches occur within the same language

What characterizes the "high" variety in diglossic languages?

• Used for informal, mostly spoken purposes

• Lacks prestige and is seen as "vulgar"

• Used for formal, literacy purposes and has the most prestige

• Differs phonologically, grammatically, lexically, and syntactically

How are the functions of the high and low varieties in diglossic languages described?

• They overlap extensively

• They complement each other

• They are interchangeable

• They have identical functions

What does "social distance" refer to in the context of code choice?

• The physical distance between speakers

• The level of acceptance or rejection between participants

• The geographical distance between speech communities

• The level of formality in a conversation