How Smart Are Animals

Why did Andrea Anderson need help from Villa, the Newfoundland dog, in “How Smart Are Animals?”

• She got lost on her way home.

• She twisted her ankle and could not walk.

• She was blown into a snowdrift during a blizzard.

• She wanted to study dogs to determine how intelligent they are.

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According to “How Smart Are Animals?” what was a common attitude toward animal intelligence up to the 1960s?

• Some species were thought to be smarter than others.

• Animals were thought to act on instinct, without any ability to think.

• Scientists thought that understanding animal intelligence would be an impossible task.

• The mental abilities of animals were thought to be similar to those of human beings.

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What is the “Clever Hans phenomenon” described in “How Smart Are Animals?”

• a situation that demonstrates why scientists cannot be fooled

• a study that demonstrates the intelligence of animals through a series of tests

• an incident in which an animal uses its problem-solving skills to help a human

• an experiment in which an animal seems intelligent but is merely responding to cues

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In “How Smart Are Animals?” C. G. Beer’s experiment on the “long calls” of laughing gulls proves which of the following ideas?

• Scientists can easily interpret animal communication.

• Birds communicate in a way that is similar to human speech.

• Laughing gulls make signals that are the same for each bird on all occasions.

• There are differences in the calls of birds that are hard for a human to notice.

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According to “How Smart Are Animals?” what is one important reason that it is difficult to compare the intelligence of one animal species to another?

• Most animal species do not use tools.

• Some animal species may be lazier than others.

• Different animal species may not speak the same language.

• Different animal species may not be physically equipped to take the same tests.

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Which statement would the author of "How Smart Are Animals?" most likely agree with?

• Intelligence always involves using symbols, such as words.

• An animal that is hard to train cannot be intelligent.

• An animal that does well on a test must be intelligent.

• What counts as intelligence depends on what is important to an animal.

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Which of these is NOT a factor of intelligence?

• instinct

• comprehension

• decision-making

• reasoning

Clever Hans’s secret was uncovered by a method that is now called

• the Structure of Intellect test

• the factors of intelligence.

• divergent production.

• the double blind experiment.

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Which detail supports the central idea that measuring animal intelligence is difficult?

• Animals are too much like people.

• Animals do not like to learn.

• Animals are very different from each other.

• Animals only like to perform tricks.

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Wild animals

• are more intelligent than laboratory animals.

• are easier for scientists to handle than lab animals.

• may be afraid or feel strange in a laboratory setting.

• make it easier for scientists to design experiments.

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