Text Structure Review

Read the passage: When I got home from school after a long boring day, I took out the peanut butter, jelly, and bread. After taking the lid off of the jars, I spread the peanut butter on one side of the bread and the jelly on the other, and then I put the two pieces of bread together. After that, I enjoyed it while watching “Cops” on the TV. I swear, that was the best peanut butter and jelly sandwich I ever ate.

• Description

• Sequence

• Problem and Solution

• Compare and Contrast

• Cause and Effect

Answer explanation

The passage describes the steps in making and enjoying a peanut butter and jelly sandwich, indicating a clear sequence of events.

Tags

CCSS.RI.4.5

CCSS.RI.5.5

CCSS.RI.6.5

CCSS.RI.7.5

CCSS.RI.8.5

Read the passage: Dr. Miller doesn’t want the tigers to vanish. These majestic beasts are disappearing at an alarming rate. Dr. Miller thinks that we should write to our congress people. If we let them know that we demand the preservation of this species, maybe we can make a difference. Dr. Miller also thinks that we should donate to Save the Tigers. Our donations will help to support and empower those who are fighting the hardest to preserve the tigers. We owe it to our grandchildren to do something.

• Description

• Sequence

• Problem and Solution

• Compare and Contrast

• Cause and Effect

Answer explanation

The passage presents a problem of tigers disappearing and a solution of writing to congress and donating to Save the Tigers, making it a Problem and Solution type of passage.

Tags

CCSS.RI.4.5

CCSS.RI.5.5

CCSS.RI.6.5

CCSS.RI.7.5

CCSS.RI.8.5

Read the passage: Avalanches (when a lot of snow falls from a mountain) may bury people under them. If the people are not found rapidly enough by rescue teams they will die of suffocation (not getting enough air) or of hypothermia (freezing cold). The chance of surviving an avalanche is as follows: • 92% if found within 15 minutes • 30% if found within 35 minutes (victims die of suffocation) • nearly zero after two hours (victims die of injuries and hypothermia)

• Description

• Sequence

• Problem and Solution

• Compare and Contrast

• Cause and Effect

Answer explanation

The passage describes the causes (time delay) and effects (death by suffocation or hypothermia) of being buried in an avalanche, making 'Cause and Effect' the correct choice.

Tags

CCSS.RI.4.5

CCSS.RI.5.5

CCSS.RI.6.5

CCSS.RI.7.5

CCSS.RI.8.5

Read the passage: 2. Some countries, such as Japan, or parts of a country, like California in the United States, have a lot of earthquakes. In these places it is a good practice to build houses and other buildings so they will not collapse when there is an earthquake. This is called seismic design or "earthquake-proofing".

• Description

• Sequence

• Problem and Solution

• Compare and Contrast

• Cause and Effect

Answer explanation

The passage presents a problem (earthquakes) and a solution (seismic design or 'earthquake-proofing'), making it a 'Problem and Solution' type of text.

Tags

CCSS.RI.4.5

CCSS.RI.5.5

CCSS.RI.6.5

CCSS.RI.7.5

CCSS.RI.8.5

Read the passage: 2. Have you ever wondered what the inside of a volcano looks like? Deep underground is a magma chamber. The magma chamber is under the bedrock of the earth’s crust. The conduit or pipe runs from the magma chamber to the top of the volcano. The conduit connects the magma chamber to the surface. Most volcanoes also have a crater at the top. Volcanoes are quite a sight, and you can enjoy this site all over the universe. Volcanoes are found on planets other than Earth, like the Olympus Mons on Mars.

• Description

• Sequence

• Problem and Solution

• Compare and Contrast

• Cause and Effect

Answer explanation

The correct choice is 'Description' because the passage provides a detailed account of what the inside of a volcano looks like and how it is structured.

Tags

CCSS.RI.4.5

CCSS.RI.5.5

CCSS.RI.6.5

CCSS.RI.7.5

CCSS.RI.8.5

Read the passage: All matter, all things can be changed in two ways: chemically and physically. Both chemical and physical changes affect the state of matter. Physical changes are those that do not change the make-up or identity of the matter. For example, clay will bend or flatten if squeezed, but it will still be clay. Changing the shape of clay is a physical change, and does not change the matter’s identity. Chemical changes turn the matter into a new kind of matter with different properties. For example, when paper is burnt, it becomes ash and will never be paper again. The difference between them is that physical changes are temporary or only last for a little while, and chemical changes are permanent, which means they last forever. Physical and chemical changes both affect the state of matter.

• Description

• Sequence

• Problem and Solution

• Compare and Contrast

• Cause and Effect

Answer explanation

The correct choice is 'Compare and Contrast' because the passage compares physical and chemical changes by highlighting their differences in affecting the state of matter.

Tags

CCSS.RI.4.5

CCSS.RI.5.5

CCSS.RI.6.5

CCSS.RI.7.5

CCSS.RI.8.5

Anne Frank was born in Germany in 1929. Her family moved to the Netherlands in the summer of 1933. When she turned thirteen in 1942, she was given a diary for her birthday. At the same time, German Nazis were rounding up Jewish families like her own, and she and her family soon had to go into hiding. They stayed hidden for more than two years until they were caught and moved to a concentration camp. Anne Frank died in the war, but her diary remains popular today.

• Chronology

• Problem and Solution

• Compare and Contrast

• Cause and Effect

• Description

Answer explanation

The correct answer is 'Chronology' because the passage describes events in the order they occurred, from Anne Frank's birth to her death, making it a chronological sequence.

Tags

CCSS.RI.4.5

CCSS.RI.5.5

CCSS.RI.6.5

CCSS.RI.7.5

CCSS.RI.8.5

In which text structure would you find the signal words, "as a result of" and "due to"?

• Problem and solution

• Cause and effect

• Description

Answer explanation

You would find the signal words 'as a result of' and 'due to' in the text structure of cause and effect.

Tags

CCSS.RI.4.5

CCSS.RI.5.5

CCSS.RI.6.5

CCSS.RI.7.5

CCSS.RI.8.5

In which text structure would you find the signal words, "similarly" and "in the other hand"?

• Description

• Cause and effect

• Compare and contrast

Answer explanation

The signal words 'similarly' and 'on the other hand' indicate a comparison and contrast, so the correct text structure is compare and contrast.

Tags

CCSS.RI.4.5

CCSS.RI.5.5

CCSS.RI.6.5

CCSS.RI.7.5

CCSS.RI.8.5

Key words are: first, next, then, last, years, numbers

• Sequence

• Cause & Effect

• Problem & Solution

Answer explanation

The key words indicate a sequence of events or steps, making 'Sequence' the correct choice.

Tags

CCSS.RI.4.5

CCSS.RI.5.5

CCSS.RI.6.5

CCSS.RI.7.5

CCSS.RI.8.5