Which forces cause changes in the motion of a system?

C. both internal and external forces

D. neither internal nor external forces

In a free-body diagram, the arrows representing tension and weight have the same length but point away from one another. What does this indicate?

B. They are equal in magnitude and act in opposite directions.

A. They are equal in magnitude and act in the same direction.

C. They are unequal in magnitude and act in the same direction.

D. They are unequal in magnitude and act in opposite directions.

An object is at rest. Two forces, X and Y, are acting on it. Force X has a magnitude of x and acts in the downward direction. What is the magnitude and direction of Y?

A. The magnitude is x and points in the upward direction.

B. The magnitude is 2x and points in the upward direction.

C. The magnitude is x and points in the downward direction.

D. The magnitude is 2x and points in the downward direction.

Three forces, A, B, and C, are acting on the same object with magnitudes a, b, and c, respectively. Force A acts to the right, force B acts to the left, and force C acts downward. What is a necessary condition for the object to move straight down?

B. The magnitude of force A must be equal to the magnitude of force B, so a = b.

A. The magnitude of force A must be greater than the magnitude of force B, so a > b.

C. The magnitude of force A must be greater than the magnitude of force C, so A > C.

D. The magnitude of force C must be greater than the magnitude of forces A or B, so A B.

Two people push a cart on a horizontal surface by applying forces F_1 and F_2 in the same direction. Is the magnitude of the net force acting on the cart, F_net, equal to, greater than, or less than F_1 + F_2? Why?

C. F_net < F_1 + F_2 because the net force will include the component of frictional force

A. F_net < F_1 + F_2 because the net force will not include the frictional force.

B. F_net = F_1 + F_2 because the net force will not include the frictional force

D. F_net = F_1 + F_2 because the net force will include the frictional force

From the equation for Newton’s second law, we see that F_net is directly proportional to a and that the constant of proportionality is m. What does this mean in a practical sense?

A. An increase in applied force will cause an increase in acceleration if the mass is constant.

B. An increase in applied force will cause a decrease in acceleration if the mass is constant.

C. An increase in applied force will cause an increase in acceleration, even if the mass varies.

D. An increase in applied force will cause an increase in acceleration and mass.

A helicopter pushes air down, which, in turn, pushes the helicopter up. Which force affects the helicopter’s motion? Why?

B. Air pushing upward affects the helicopter’s motion because it is an external force that acts on the helicopter.

A. Air pushing upward affects the helicopter’s motion because it is an internal force that acts on the helicopter.

C. The downward force applied by the blades of the helicopter affects its motion because it is an internal force that acts on the helicopter.

D. The downward force applied by the blades of the helicopter affects its motion because it is an external force that acts on the helicopter.

A 2,000-kg car is sitting at rest in a parking lot. A bike and rider with a total mass of 60 kg are traveling along a road at 10 km/h. Which system has more inertia? Why?

A. The car has more inertia, as its mass is greater than the mass of the bike.

B. The bike has more inertia, as its mass is greater than the mass of the car.

C. The car has more inertia, as its mass is less than the mass of the bike.

D. The bike has more inertia, as its mass is less than the mass of the car.

What is the net external force on an object in freefall on Earth if you were to neglect the effect of air?

C. The net force is downward with magnitude mg.

B. The net force is upward with magnitude mg.

D. The net force is downward with magnitude 9.8 N.

By convention, which sign is assigned to an object moving downward?

C. Either a positive or negative sign ( \pm )

A body is pushed downward by a force of 5 units and upward by a force of 2 units. How would you draw a free-body diagram to represent this?

D. Two force vectors acting at a point, one pointing down with a length of 5 units and the other pointing up with a length of 2 units

A. Two force vectors acting at a point, both pointing up with lengths of 5 units and 2 units

B. Two force vectors acting at a point, both pointing down with lengths of 5 units and 2 units

C. Two force vectors acting at a point, one pointing up with a length of 5 units and the other pointing down with a length of 2 units

A body is pushed eastward by a force of four units and southward by a force of three units. How would you draw a free-body diagram to represent this?

C. Two force vectors acting at a point, one pointing right with a length of 4 units and the other pointing down with a length of 3 units

A. Two force vectors acting at a point, one pointing left with a length of 4 units and the other pointing down with a length of 3 units

B. Two force vectors acting at a point, one pointing left with a length of 4 units and the other pointing up with a length of 3 units

D. Two force vectors acting at a point, one pointing right with a length of 4 units and the other pointing up with a length of 3 units

A body with mass m is pushed along a horizontal surface by a force F and is opposed by a frictional force f. How would you draw a free-body diagram to represent this situation?

A. A dot with an arrow pointing right, labeled F, and an arrow pointing left, labeled f, that is of equal length or shorter than F

B. A dot with an arrow pointing right, labeled F, and an arrow pointing right, labeled f, that is of equal length or shorter than F

C. A dot with an arrow pointing right, labeled F, and a smaller arrow pointing up, labeled f, that is of equal length or longer than F

D. A dot with an arrow pointing right, labeled F, and a smaller arrow pointing down, labeled f, that is of equal length or longer than F

Two objects rest on a uniform surface. A person pushes both with equal force. If the first object starts to move faster than the second, what can be said about their masses?

A. The mass of the first object is less than that of the second object.

B. The mass of the first object is equal to the mass of the second object.

C. The mass of the first object is greater than that of the second object.

D. No inference can be made because mass and force are not related to each other.

Two similar boxes rest on a table. One is empty and the other is filled with pebbles. Without opening or lifting either, how can you tell which box is full? Why?

C. By applying an external force; whichever box accelerates faster is lighter and so must be empty

A. By applying an internal force; whichever box accelerates faster is lighter and so must be empty

B. By applying an internal force; whichever box accelerates faster is heavier and so the other box must be empty

D. By applying an external force; whichever box accelerates faster is heavier and so the other box must be empty

A ball travels from north to south at 60 km/h. After being hit by a bat, it travels from west to east at 60 km/h. Is there a change in velocity?

B. Yes, because velocity is a vector.

A. Yes, because velocity is a scalar.

C. No, because velocity is a scalar.

D. No, because velocity is a vector

What is the weight of a 5-kg object on Earth and on the moon?

C. On Earth the weight is 49 N, and on the moon the weight is 8.35 N.

A. On Earth the weight is 1.67 N, and on the moon the weight is 1.67 N.

B. On Earth the weight is 5 N, and on the moon the weight is 5 N.

D. On Earth the weight is 8.35 N, and on the moon the weight is 49 N.

A fish pushes water backward with its fins. How does this propel the fish forward?

B. The water exerts an external force on the fish in the opposite direction, pushing the fish forward.

A. The water exerts an internal force on the fish in the opposite direction, pushing the fish forward.

C. The water exerts an internal force on the fish in the same direction, pushing the fish forward.

D. The water exerts an external force on the fish in the same direction, pushing the fish forward.

In the figure given below, what is F_restore? What is its magnitude?

B. F_restore is the force exerted by the spring on the hand, and it pulls to the left.

A. F_restore is the force exerted by the hand on the spring, and it pulls to the right.

C. F_restore is the force exerted by the hand on the spring, and it pulls to the left.

D. F_restore is the force exerted by the spring on the hand, and it pulls to the right.

Two people apply the same force to throw two identical balls in the air. Will the balls necessarily travel the same distance? Why or why not?

B. No, the balls will not necessarily travel the same distance because the angle at which they are thrown may differ.

A. No, the balls will not necessarily travel the same distance because the gravitational force acting on them is different.

C. Yes, the balls will travel the same distance because the gravitational force acting on them is the same.

D. Yes, the balls will travel the same distance because the angle at which they are thrown may differ.

Physics - Chapter 4 - Forces and Newton’s Laws of Motion

Authored by JAMES FORD

Physics

9th - 12th Grade

Used 2+ times

Physics - Chapter 4 - Forces and Newton’s Laws of Motion

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Two forces acting on an object are perpendicular to one another. How would you draw these in a free-body diagram?

A. The two force arrows will be drawn at a right angle to one another.

B. The two force arrows will be pointing in opposite directions.

C. The two force arrows will be at a 45° angle to one another.

D. The two force arrows will be at a 180° angle to one another.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

A free-body diagram shows the forces acting on an object. How is that object represented in the diagram?

A. A single point

B. A square box

C. A unit circle

D. The object as it is

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

A ball rolls along the ground, moving from north to south. What direction is the frictional force that acts on the ball?

A. North to south

B. South to north

C. West to east

D. East to west

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

The tires you choose to drive over icy roads will create more friction with the road than your summer tires. Give another example where more friction is desirable.

A. Children’s slide

B. Air hockey table

C. Ice-skating rink

D. Jogging track

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

How do you express, mathematically, that no external force is acting on a body?

A. F_net = −1

B. F_net = 0

C. F_net = 1

D. F_net = ∞

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

What does it mean for two quantities to be inversely proportional to each other?

A. When one variable increases, the other variable decreases by a greater amount.

B. When one variable increases, the other variable also increases.

C. When one variable increases, the other variable decreases by the same factor.

D. When one variable increases, the other variable also increases by the same factor.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

True or False: Newton's second law can be interpreted based on Newton's first law.

A. True

B. False

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Physics - Chapter 4 - Forces and Newton’s Laws of Motion

Two forces acting on an object are perpendicular to one another. How would you draw these in a free-body diagram?

A free-body diagram shows the forces acting on an object. How is that object represented in the diagram?

A ball rolls along the ground, moving from north to south. What direction is the frictional force that acts on the ball?

The tires you choose to drive over icy roads will create more friction with the road than your summer tires. Give another example where more friction is desirable.

How do you express, mathematically, that no external force is acting on a body?

What does it mean for two quantities to be inversely proportional to each other?

True or False: Newton's second law can be interpreted based on Newton's first law.

Which forces cause changes in the motion of a system?

True or False—Newton’s third law applies to the external forces acting on a system of interest.

A ball is dropped and hits the floor. What is the direction of the force exerted by the floor on the ball?

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