Higher Biology Unit 1. Key Area 2: Replication of DNA

What is the first step in the process of DNA replication?

• Heating the DNA to separate the strands

• Cooling the DNA strands to allow bonding

• Breaking the hydrogen bonds between DNA strands

• Adding primers to the DNA strand

Which enzyme is responsible for adding complementary nucleotides during DNA replication?

• Primase

• Ligase

• Helicase

• DNA polymerase

What is the role of primers in DNA replication?

• To break the hydrogen bonds

• To cool down the DNA strands

• To join fragmented DNA strands

• To initiate the replication process

Which strand is synthesized continuously in DNA replication?

• Primer strand

• Helix strand

• Leading strand

• Lagging strand

What is required for DNA replication to take place?

• Original DNA template, RNA nucleotides, and ligase

• Primers, helicase, and DNA nucleotides only

• Original DNA template, free DNA nucleotides, primers, enzymes, and ATP

• DNA polymerase, ligase, and a cool environment

What is the purpose of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)?

• To modify the DNA sequence

• To replicate DNA in a laboratory setting

• To break down DNA into smaller fragments

• To join fragmented DNA strands

What is the role of DNA polymerase in PCR?

• To initiate the replication process

• To break the hydrogen bonds

• To cool down the DNA strands

• To add complementary nucleotides to the DNA strand

What is the first step in PCR?

• Adding primers to the DNA strand

• Cooling the DNA strands

• Heating the DNA to separate the strands

• Lowering the pH of the reaction

Which enzyme is used in PCR due to its heat tolerance?

• Ligase

• Helicase

• Primase

• DNA polymerase

What is the role of ATP in DNA replication?

• To cool down the DNA strands

• To provide energy for the replication process

• To add complementary nucleotides

• To initiate the replication process