HAEMOGLOBIN & OXYGEN DISSOCIATION CURVE

Which of the following is not the characteristics of haemoglobin?

• Has high affinity towards oxygen

• Easily releases oxygen when the partial pressure of oxygen is low

• Shows allosteric cooperatively binding characteristic

• Carbon dioxide can also bind to haem group of haemoglobin

This best describes positive cooperativity of hemoglobin

• As 1 O₂ binds to a heme group, it causes a sudden shift of polarity, attracting more O₂

• As 1 O₂ binds to a heme group, a conformational change occurs, making it more likely for additional O₂ to bind

• As 1 O₂ binds to a heme group, hemoglobin becomes slightly less hydrophilic

• As 1 O₂ binds to a globin group, the binding site of O₂ within the molecule becomes more exposed

Which of the following reactions occur in erythrocytes in the pulmonary capillaries?

• Hb + CO₂ → HbCO₂

• H₂CO₃ → H+ + HCO₃ ^-

• Hb + O₂ → HbO₂

• HbO₂ → Hb + O₂

An oxygen dissociation curve will shift to the right in what condition describe below.

• Increased partial pressure of oxygen

• Decreased partial pressure of oxygen

• Increased partial pressure of carbon dioxide

• Decreased partial pressure of carbon dioxide

Most of the carbon dioxide produced by the body tissue is transported to the lungs in the form of …

• Carbonic acid.

• Blood plasma.

• Hydrogencarbonate ion.

• Carbaminohaemoglobin.

In the chloride shift, ________________ move into the erythrocyte to replace the ______________ that move out.

• Chloride ions; carbon dioxide molecules.

• Carbon dioxide molecules; chloride ions.

• hydrogencarbonate ions; chloride ions.

• Chloride ions; hydrogencarbonate ions.

The chloride shift in the blood is the movement of

• Chloride ions into the alveolar space

• Chloride ions into tissue cells to maintain the electrochemical neutrality

• Chloride ions into erythrocyte to balance the bicarbonate ions that move into the cell

• Chloride ions into erythrocyte to maintain the electrochemical neutrality

Carbonic anhydrase in the erythrocytes …

• Catalyzes the removal of oxygen from the erythrocytes.

• Catalyzes the conversion of carbon dioxide into water.

• Catalyzes the reaction of carbon dioxide with water to form carbonic acid.

• Catalyzes the increase in blood pH.

The acidity due to the accumulation of H⁺ in erythrocytes is buffered by …

• Haemoglobin.

• Plasma proteins.

• Carbon dioxide.

• Oxygen.

which of the following explains the meaning of the Bohr effect?

• The effect of the partial pressure of oxygen in blood on the affinity of haemoglobin towards carbon dioxide.

• The effect of the partial pressure of carbon dioxide on the dissociation of oxyhaemoglobin.

• The affinity of haemoglobin toward oxygen.

• The affinity of haemoglobin towards carbon dioxide.