Unit 7 Test Review

Which Enlightenment philosophe is associated with his defense of freedom of speech?

• Blackstone

• Montesquieu

• Voltaire

• Wollstonecraft

Many of the literary works of the Renaissance, such as The Book of the Courtier, reflect the cultural changes taking place during that time by —

• arguing to end the enslavement of people

• criticizing the power of the catholic church

• emphasizing the importance of the individual

• elevating women characters to equal status with men

Which factor contributed most to the development of the Renaissance in Italy?

• City-states in Italy had become wealthy from trade.

• Nobles in Italy had been military leaders in the Crusades.

• The Catholic Church provided political stability to the region.

• The region had become politically unified under one Italian King.

The most immediate cause of the Reformation included —

• Erasmus publishing of The Praise of Folly

• Martin Luther's posting of the Ninety-Five Thesis

• John Calvin's establishment of a theocracy in Geneva

• Henry VIII's plea to Pope Clement VII for an annulment.

A new theological doctrine that emerged from the Protestant Reformation included the idea of —

• good works

• salvation by grace

• sacramental traditions

• indulgences as forgiveness

The Act of Supremacy of 1534 changed the religious patterns in England by —

• making the monarch the head of the Christian church in England

• installing the Archbishop of Canterbury as the spiritual leader of England

• protecting the monasteries in England from Papal abuses

• allowing for the spread of the Lutheran religion to England

In his work Summa Theologica, Thomas Aquinas attempted to answer questions about matters of faith and doctrine in Catholicism by —

• creating a panel of legal and religious scholars to decide major questions of Church theology

• using satire and comedy to provide memorable explanations of complex theological ideas

• combining ideas of Greek and Church philosophers to explain that faith and reason do not conflict

• developing a system of Church law based on family and religious customs of the Roman Empire

How did the Catholic Church respond to the religious changes brought about by the Reformation?

• It allowed Catholic priests to marry

• It launched a Counter Reformation

• It replaced the Pope with a new leader.

• It issued an English translation of the bible.

The Crusades helped to contribute to the beginning of the European Renaissance by —

• introducing the Europeans to Islamic art

• destroying the libraries of Muslim scholars

• Facilitating the revival of trade with the East

• Inciting a rebellion against the Catholic Church

The changing social views that emphasized the growing individualism and secularism emerging during the European Renaissance came to be known as —

• enlightenment

• humanism

• rebirth

• reformation