Forgetting - Interference 1

What is interference theory mainly used to explain?

• Enhancing learning abilities

• Short-term memory loss

• Improving memory skills

• Forgetting in long-term memory

What happens when two pieces of information disrupt each other according to the interference theory?

• One becomes stronger

• Forgetting of one or both, or distortion of memory

• Both are completely lost

• Both are remembered better

What is proactive interference?

• An older memory disrupting a newer one

• Two new memories disrupting each other

• A newer memory disrupting an older one

• Two old memories disrupting each other

What is retroactive interference?

• An older memory disrupting a newer one

• A newer memory disrupting an older one

• Two new memories disrupting each other

• Two old memories disrupting each other

What type of memories are more likely to interfere with each other?

• Memories stored at different times

• Completely different memories

• Memories stored at the same time

• Memories that are similar

Who conducted research on the effects of similarity on interference?

• Sigmund Freud

• John McGeoch and William McDonald

• Albert Bandura

• Ivan Pavlov

What was the result when participants had to recall the original list of words after learning new lists?

• Worst recall with synonyms

• Best recall with synonyms

• No effect on recall

• Best recall with unrelated words

Why does similarity affect recall according to the text?

• Because similar memories are easier to remember

• Because of retroactive interference

• Because of proactive interference

• Because of both proactive and retroactive interference

What does proactive interference do?

• Improves recall of older memories

• Makes new similar information more difficult to store

• Has no effect on memory

• Makes it easier to store new information

What was the control condition in McGeoch and McDonald's study?

• Learning synonyms

• Learning antonyms

• No new list, just resting

• Learning unrelated words