HS Unit 5 Energy Practice Test

Based on your analysis of the graph, which scenario releases the greatest amount of heat?

• Allowing 1 g of boiling water at 100 °C to cool to 0 °C.

• Allowing 1 g of steam at 140 °C to cool to steam at 100 °C.

• Allowing 1 g of steam at 100 °C to condense to liquid water at 100 °C.

• Allowing 1 g of liquid water at 0 °C to cool to solid ice at -20 °C.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

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What is the type of heat transfer Jonathan is MOST LIKELY investigating?

• radiation

• convection

• conduction

• condensation

The graph shows the heating curve of an unknown substance. What is the boiling point of this substance?

• 10 °C

• 25 °C

• 40 °C

• 60 °C

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Anna is experimenting with pure water and salty water. She first adds heat to frozen pure water. Then, she draws the following heating curve. Afterwards, she takes a frozen, concentrated solution of salt water and adds heat to it. She notices that it melts at a lower temperature than the frozen pure water, but boils at a higher temperature. Which BEST predicts how Anna's heating curve changes for her concentrated solution of salt water?

• 
• 
• 

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

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On a spring afternoon in Georgia, Stephen, a vegetable-grower, heard that the National Weather Service had issued a freeze warning for that night and forecast the temperature to fall just below 0 °C. He wanted to protect his plants, so he waited until dusk and showered them with as much water as he could. The next morning, he saw that the plants had been saved. If the water Stephen used was at temperature of 40°C, which segment or segments of the cooling curve represent the process that saved the vegetable plants?

• DC

• DE

• DC + DE

• DE + EF

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Iceland has become energy self-sufficient because Icelanders have learned to harness the energy from the island's many volcanoes. Magma below ground helps generate steam. This steam is captured by facilities above ground that use turbines to generate power for the people of Iceland. What is the sequence of energy transformations occurring in Iceland?

• Thermal energy is transformed into electrical energy, which is transformed into mechanical energy

• Thermal energy is transformed into mechanical energy, which is transformed into electrical energy.

• Chemical energy is transformed into electrical

  energy, which is transformed into mechanical

  energy.

• Chemical energy is transformed into mechanical

  energy, which is transformed into electrical

  energy.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-3

What conclusion can be drawn from the data?

• Stainless steel cans will keep soda colder longer than aluminum cans.

• Aluminum cans will keep soda colder longer than stainless steel cans.

• Stainless steel cookware will heat up faster than copper cookware.

• Cast iron cookware will cool off faster than aluminum cookware.

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What is the BEST explanation for why cookware that is made of metallic materials typically will have handles made of non-metallic materials?

• The specific heat capacity of non-metals are typically greater than that of metals, making them heat up faster.

• The specific heat capacity of non-metallic materials makes them slower to heat up compared to metals.

• The thermal conductivity of metals makes them faster to heat up compared to non-metallic materials.

• The thermal conductivity of metals makes them slower to heat up compared to non-metallic materials.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-3

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A student designed an experiment to determine the best material to use to make cookware. Spherical balls of tin, aluminum, copper, and glass of equal masses were heated in boiling water until each reached a temperature of 100 °C. They were all placed on a thin sheet of paraffin wax at the same time. Based on the table of specific heats, what is the predicted order of melting of the paraffin wax by the materials from first to last and why?

• Aluminum, glass, tin, copper because the higher specific heat, the slower the material will transfer heat.

• Copper, tin, glass, aluminum because the lower the specific heat, the faster the material will transfer heat.

• Aluminum, tin, copper, glass because metals are poor conductors of heat and transfer heat slowly.

• Copper, tin, aluminum, glass because metals are good conductors of heat and transfer heat faster.

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Kinetic energy in the form of heat increases the motion of the molecules. Regions B and D of the heating curve represent segments of the curve where heat is being added, but the temperature is not changing. Which of the following is the BEST explanation for regions B and D of the curve and why?

• The substance freezes or condenses because it is undergoing an exothermic phase change.

• The substance melts or evaporates because it is undergoing an endothermic phase change.

• The substance sublimes or deposits because it is undergoing an exothermic phase change.

• The substance freezes or evaporates because it is undergoing an endothermic phase change.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4