Renewal Movements and Paradigm of the Church

Which Council specifically affirmed Jesus' divine nature and refuted Arianism's belief in His solely human nature?

• Council of Nicaea

• Council of Chalcedon

• Council of Ephesus

• Council of Constantinople 

What is the abandonment or renunciation of a religious belief?

• Apostasy

• Schism

• Heresy

• Dogma

What is the belief that deviates from doctrine and teachings of the Church?

• Apostasy

• Heresy

• Schism

• Dogma

• The formal separation of a Church into two Churches, the Roman Catholic and the Eastern Orthodox.

• Apostasy

• Heresy

• Schism

• Dogma

Thomas Kempis’ "The Imitation of Christ" emphasizes the interior life, the importance of humility, and the imitation of Jesus Christ as the ultimate goal of the Christian. According to Thomas Kempis, what was necessary to enhance spiritual life and prevent the collapse of Christendom?

• Inspirational leaders with holiness

• Reforming institutions

• Commitment to prayer, fasting, and self-discipline 

• Educational institutions 

1. How did feudalism contribute to the decline of Christendom?

• Barbaric kings claimed the lands of the Church.

• The Emperor confiscated the properties of the Church. 

• Unfit people were chosen to different positions in the Church.

• It forced people to labor without just compensation.

1. How did the Cluniac Reform positively impact the Church?

• The community centered their lives around the monastery. 

• The popes found refuge in the town of Cluny. 

• The monks voted for their own abbots. 

• The abbots led the community to academic excellence.

1. This results in individuals unqualified for their positions gaining power, which might lead to inefficiency, exploitation, and the neglect of responsibilities within the Church. Over time, efforts have been made within the Church to address this through reforms and regulations. Among the options, which term refers to the practice of conferring Church positions to relatives by certain officials?

• Lay investiture

• Nicolaitism

• Nepotism 

• Simony

1. Considering the rise of monasticism, how did it contribute to the renewal of the Church?

• By promoting a strict interpretation of religious doctrine and the condemnation of worldly pursuits.

• By providing a new model of spiritual dedication and renewal through communal living and ascetic practices.

• By challenging the authority of the Church and advocating for individual spirituality.

• By emphasizing the importance of isolation from society to avoid corruption.

1. Considering the theological teachings of the Council of Trent, which saint's teachings were most influential in shaping its approach to natural theology and the harmonious coexistence of reason and faith?
   

• St. Thomas Aquinas 

• St. John Baptiste de la Salle

• St. Francis of Assisi

•  St. Dominic