IGCSE Selective breeding and cloning

What is the primary objective of selectively breeding animals?

• Increase genetic diversity
• Produce genetically identical offspring
• Emphasise desired charachteristics

What is micropropagation mainly used for?

• Producing genetically modified animals
• Producing large quantities of genetically identical plants
• Creating diverse populations of plants
• Enhancing resistance to diseases in plants

What is the first step in micropropagation?

• Growing shoots from explants
• Transferring plants to glasshouses
• Selecting a parent plant with desired traits
• Removing a small part of the plant for tissue culture

How does micropropagation differ from traditional methods of plant propagation?

• Involves genetically modifying plants
• Produces genetically diverse offspring
• It is quicker and produces genetically identical offspring
• Requires fewer resources and less labor-intensive

What was significant about Dolly the Sheep?

• She was the first mammal to be cloned
• She was genetically modified to produce human proteins
• She had a scientifically proven reason for her death
• She was the first cloned transgeneic animal

How can cloned transgenic animals be utilized?

• Increase genetic diversity
• Produce genetically identical organs for transplant
• Eliminate the risk of disease affecting populations
• Reduce the need for organ transplants in humans

What is a potential disadvantage of using cloned transgenic animals?

• Increased genetic diversity variation within populations
• Difficulty within the cloning process
• Reduce risk of diseases affecting entire populations
• Vulnerabilities to environmental changes

What can be produced using cloned transgenic animals?

• Genetically diverse populations
• Proteins to treat human disease
• Plants with increased resistance to disease
• Organs for organ transplants from non-cloned animals

What is a key advantage of micropropagation?

• Increased genetic variation withing populations
• Reduces need for labor intensive farming
• Allows for rapid production of genetically identical offspring
• Eliminate risk of diseases affective entire poulations

What is a disadvantage associated with selectively breeding animals?

• Limiting control over the traits emphasised
• Increased vulnerability to diseases and parasites
• Reduced efficiency in producing desired charachteristics
• Enhanced genetic diversity withing populations