Perception

What do internal attributions connect behavior to?

• The fundamental attribution error

• Internal characteristics such as personality traits

• External characteristics such as situational factors

• The self-serving bias

What is the fundamental attribution error?

• A tendency to overattribute other people’s behaviors to internal rather than external causes

• A tendency to overattribute our failures to external factors

• A perceptual tendency to place more importance on initial impressions than later impressions

• A tendency to overattribute our successes to internal factors

What does the self-serving bias refer to?

• A perceptual effect that occurs when initial positive impressions lead us to view later interactions as positive

• A perceptual tendency to place more importance on the most recent impressions

• Our tendency to overattribute other people's behaviors to internal rather than external causes

• Our tendency to overattribute our successes to internal factors and our failures to external factors

What is the primacy effect?

• A perceptual effect when initial negative impressions lead us to view later interactions as negative

• A tendency to place more importance on the most recent impressions

• Our tendency to overattribute our successes to internal factors

• A perceptual tendency to place more importance on initial impressions than later impressions

What does the halo effect describe?

• A perceptual tendency to place more importance on the most recent impressions

• A perceptual effect that occurs when initial positive impressions lead us to view later interactions as positive

• A perceptual effect that occurs when initial negative impressions lead us to view later interactions as negative

• A tendency to overattribute our failures to external factors

How does the confirmation bias affect our perception?

• By leading us to ignore information that contradicts our beliefs

• By causing us to overattribute successes to external factors

• By making us place more importance on later impressions

• By influencing us to overattribute behaviors to internal characteristics

What role does the actor-observer bias play in attribution?

• It leads us to see other people's behaviors as more variable than our own

• It causes us to attribute our own actions to situational factors more than others'

• It makes us attribute others' successes to luck

• It influences us to attribute our failures to a lack of effort

What is the effect of the negativity bias on perception?

• It causes us to prioritize positive information over negative

• It leads us to attribute failures to external factors

• It makes negative information impact us more than equally positive information

• It influences us to overestimate the importance of initial impressions