States of Matter

What are the three main states of matter?

• vapor

• plasma

• solidus

• solid, liquid, gas

Explain what happens to the particles in a solid when it is heated.

• The particles gain energy, vibrate more rapidly, and move further apart.

• The particles lose energy and slow down.

• The particles transform into a liquid state.

• The particles freeze and become more rigid.

Define melting and freezing in terms of changes of state.

• Melting is gas to solid, freezing is solid to gas

• Melting is liquid to solid, freezing is solid to liquid

• Melting is solid to liquid, freezing is liquid to solid.

• Melting is liquid to gas, freezing is gas to liquid

Describe the process of evaporation and condensation.

• Evaporation is the process of a liquid turning into a solid due to freezing, while condensation is the process of a solid turning into a liquid due to melting.

• Evaporation is the process of a gas turning into a solid due to sublimation, while condensation is the process of a solid turning into a gas due to deposition.

• Evaporation is the process of a gas turning into a liquid due to cooling, while condensation is the process of a liquid turning into a gas due to heat energy.

• Evaporation is the process of a liquid turning into a gas due to heat energy, while condensation is the process of a gas turning into a liquid due to cooling.

What is Brownian motion and how does it relate to particle movement?

• Brownian motion is a result of magnetic fields affecting particle movement

• Brownian motion is caused by gravitational forces on particles

• Brownian motion is a deliberate movement pattern of particles in a fluid

• Brownian motion is the random motion of particles suspended in a fluid due to collisions with fast-moving atoms or molecules in the gas or liquid.

Provide the definition of osmosis.

• The movement of solvent molecules from an area of high solute concentration to an area of low solute concentration through a semi-permeable membrane.

• The movement of solvent molecules from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration through a semi-permeable membrane.

• The movement of solute molecules from an area of high solute concentration to an area of low solute concentration through a semi-permeable membrane.

• The movement of water molecules from an area of high solute concentration to an area of low solute concentration through a semi-permeable membrane.

Give an example of osmosis in everyday life.

• Soaking a sponge in water

• Boiling an egg

• Placing a raisin in a bowl of water

• Mixing sugar in tea

Explain the concept of diffusion.

• Diffusion involves the movement of electrons within an atom.

• Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

• Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration.

• Diffusion is the process of converting a solid into a gas without passing through the liquid state.

Share an example of diffusion that you observe regularly.

• Diffusion of water in a sponge

• Spreading of perfume or air freshener in a room

• Spreading of ink on paper

• Dispersal of smoke from a chimney

How does the movement of particles differ in solids, liquids, and gases?

• Particles in solids move past each other, in liquids they vibrate in fixed positions, and in gases they move freely.

• Particles in solids move past each other, in liquids they move freely, and in gases they vibrate in fixed positions.

• Particles in solids vibrate in fixed positions, in liquids they can move past each other, and in gases they move freely.

• Particles in solids move freely, in liquids they vibrate in fixed positions, and in gases they can move past each other.