Faults and Earthquakes

What are the three main types of faults?

• Normal faults, reverse faults, and strike-slip faults.

• Sideways faults

• Upward faults

• Twisting faults

What is the primary cause of earthquakes?

• Volcanic eruptions

• Global warming

• Movement of tectonic plates along fault lines

• Alien invasions

Which type of seismic wave arrives first during an earthquake?

• T-wave

• P-wave

• S-wave

• L-wave

How do plate tectonics contribute to the occurrence of earthquakes?

• Plate tectonics cause the movement of Earth's lithosphere, leading to the formation of faults where earthquakes occur.

• Plate tectonics lead to the formation of tornadoes causing earthquakes

• Plate tectonics generate rain which causes earthquakes

• Plate tectonics create a shield against earthquakes

Name the type of fault where the hanging wall moves down relative to the footwall.

• Thrust fault

• Strike-slip fault

• Reverse fault

• Normal fault

What is the name of the seismic waves that travel through the Earth's interior?

• Surface Waves

• Underground Waves

• Subterranean Waves

• Body Waves

Explain how a transform fault is different from a normal fault.

• A transform fault involves vertical movement due to compressional forces, while a normal fault involves horizontal sliding of tectonic plates.

• A transform fault occurs at convergent plate boundaries, while a normal fault occurs at divergent plate boundaries.

• A transform fault involves horizontal sliding of tectonic plates, while a normal fault involves vertical movement due to extensional forces.

• A transform fault is caused by volcanic activity, while a normal fault is caused by erosion.

What is the name of the boundary where two tectonic plates slide past each other?

• collision boundary

• divergent boundary

• convergent boundary

• transform boundary

Describe how a reverse fault is formed.

• A reverse fault is formed by tensional forces causing the hanging wall to move down relative to the footwall.

• A reverse fault is formed by shearing forces causing the hanging wall to move horizontally relative to the footwall.

• A reverse fault is formed by normal forces causing the hanging wall to move up relative to the footwall.

• A reverse fault is formed by compressional forces causing the hanging wall to move up relative to the footwall, creating a steeply inclined fault plane.

How do earthquakes help scientists study the Earth's interior?

• Seismic waves generated by earthquakes provide valuable data for scientists to study the Earth's interior.

• Earthquakes disrupt the Earth's magnetic field, affecting data collection

• Earthquakes release harmful gases that can damage scientific equipment

• Earthquakes create new layers in the Earth's crust, making it easier to study