Microbiology chapter 10

What can cause non-pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli to become pathogenic?

• Mutation in human genes

• Acquiring genes encoding virulence factors

• Identical twins sharing genes

• Modification of work by microbiologists

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Why are microbes and viruses considered excellent model systems for the study of genetics?

• They require a large amount of space to grow.

• They are difficult to manipulate genetically.

• They grow to high population densities in a small amount of space and in a short time.

• They cannot be propagated easily in the laboratory.

What is one advantage of using microbes and viruses in genetic studies over using peas, fruit flies, and corn?

• They are larger and easier to observe.

• They are propagated more easily in the laboratory.

• They have longer life cycles.

• They are less readily manipulated genetically.

What is a characteristic of microbes and viruses that makes them suitable for genetic research?

• They are more expensive to maintain in the laboratory.

• They are more readily manipulated genetically.

• They have a more complex genetic structure.

• They are less adaptable to laboratory conditions.

What are nucleic acids composed of?

• Amino acids

• Fatty acids

• Nucleotides

• Sugars

What is the term used to describe the sequence of nucleotides in a DNA strand?

• Amino sequence

• Base sequence

• Sugar sequence

• Phosphate sequence

What is the function of the base sequence of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)?

• It is responsible for protein synthesis.

• It is responsible for cellular respiration.

• It is responsible for carrying and retaining hereditary information.

• It is responsible for the immune response.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

What are the building blocks of nucleic acids called?

• Amino acids

• Ribonucleotides

• Deoxyribonucleotides

• Fatty acids

Which of the following is NOT a component of a deoxyribonucleotide?

• Five-carbon sugar (deoxyribose)

• Phosphate group

• Nitrogenous base

• Ribose

What is the role of the nitrogenous base in a deoxyribonucleotide?

• It is responsible for the formation of the DNA double helix.

• It is responsible for complementary base pairing between nucleic acid strands.

• It provides the energy for DNA replication.

• It connects the sugar and phosphate groups.