BIO111 Section 9.3

What does the central dogma of molecular biology state?

• DNA encodes RNA, which then encodes protein

• Proteins encode RNA, which then encodes DNA

• RNA encodes DNA, which then encodes proteins

• Proteins encode DNA directly without RNA

During transcription, the role of RNA polymerase is to synthesize a complementary ​ (a)   strand from a ​ (b)   template.

• RNA
• DNA

Eukaryotic transcription occurs in the ​ (a)   , while prokaryotic occurs in the ​ (b)  

• nucleus
• cytoplasm

What modification is added to the 5' end of a eukaryotic mRNA molecule?

• An intron

• A series of adenine residues

• A 5' cap

• A poly-A tail

What is the purpose of the poly-A tail in mRNA processing?

• It aids in the export of the mRNA from the nucleus

• It removes introns from the mRNA

• It signals the start of transcription

• It protects the mRNA from degradation and aids in translation initiation

During the splicing process of mRNA processing ​ (a)   are removed and ​ (b)   are joined together.

• introns
• exons

What is the significance of the promoter region in transcription?

• It is the binding site for RNA polymerase and initiation proteins

• It removes introns from the pre-mRNA

• It adds a poly-A tail to the mRNA

• It signals the termination of transcription

​ (a)   termination involves repeated sequences that stall RNA polymerase

• Prokaryotic
• Eukaryotic
• Bacterial