Basic Genetics Vocabulary

What is an allele?

• Alternative form of a gene

• A type of organism

• A type of cell

• A type of protein

Define genotype.

• Genotype is the process of photosynthesis.

• Genotype is the physical appearance of an organism.

• Genotype is the study of fossils.

• Genotype is the genetic makeup of an organism.

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Explain phenotype.

• Phenotype is the habitat of an organism.

• Phenotype is the genetic material of an organism.

• Phenotype is the behavior of an organism.

• Phenotype is the physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism.

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What does homozygous mean in genetics?

• Referring to a gene that is not expressed.

• Having two identical alleles for a particular gene.

• Indicating a genetic mutation.

• Having two different alleles for a particular gene.

Describe heterozygous in terms of genetics.

• An individual having two identical alleles for a particular gene.

• An individual having only one allele for a particular gene.

• An individual having no alleles for a particular gene.

• An individual having two different alleles for a particular gene.

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What is the difference between dominant and recessive alleles?

• Recessive alleles are more common in the population than dominant alleles.

• Dominant alleles are always masked by recessive alleles.

• Dominant alleles are expressed over recessive alleles in an individual's phenotype.

• Recessive alleles are always expressed in an individual's phenotype.

Define gamete in genetics.

• A body cell

• A type of plant species

• A sex cell

• A somatic cell

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How is genotype different from phenotype?

• Genotype is only relevant in plants, while phenotype is only relevant in animals.

• Genotype refers to physical characteristics, while phenotype refers to genetic makeup.

• Genotype is the genetic makeup, while phenotype is the physical characteristics.

• Genotype and phenotype are the same thing.

What is the significance of homozygous genotype?

• Having one allele for a particular gene.

• Having two identical alleles for a particular gene.

• Having no alleles for a particular gene.

• Having two different alleles for a particular gene.

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Why are gametes important in genetics?

• Gametes are important in genetics because they determine the gender of the offspring.

• Gametes are important in genetics because they are only found in plants.

• Gametes are important in genetics because they are produced by asexual reproduction.

• Gametes are important in genetics because they carry genetic information from each parent and are essential for sexual reproduction.

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