PATHO EXAM 2 review part 1

What are the functions of the Pulmonary System?

• Ventilation

• Diffusion of gases in and out

• Lung Perfusion

Upper Airway is responsible for warming and humidifying air

• True

• False

What makes up the conducting airways

• upper airway

• lower airway

• alveoli

Match with appropriate section

• Lower airways

• Respiratory bronchioles

  Alveolar ducts

  Alveoli

• Upper airways

• Trachea

  Bronchi

  Terminal Bronchioles

• Gas exchange Airways

• Nasopharynx

  Oropharynx

  Larynx : connects upper and lower airways

Which epithelial lung cell is responsible for Gas exchange?

• Type 1 Alveolar cells

• Type 2 Alveolar cells

Answer explanation

Type II - surfactant

Four lung Volumes

• Inspiratory Reserve Volume

• inhale and exhale

• Residual Volume

• more volume given above tidal volume

• Expiratory Reserve Volume

• volume in lungs after max expiration

• Tidal Volume

• volume after quiet expiration beyond tidal volume

Match the 4 Lung Capacities

• Vital Capacity

• TV + IRV

  (TI)

• Inspiratory Capacity

• RV + ERV

  (ER)

• Total Lung Capacity

• TV + IRV + ERV

  (TIE)

• Functional Residual Capacity

• TV + IRV + ERV + RV

  (TIER)

What are the respiratory centers of the brain stem?

• Medullary ( Dorsal Respiratory and Ventral Respiratory Group)

• Pontine ( Pneumotaxic and Apneustic)

• Cortex

What is the function of the Dorsal Respiratory Group ?

• Sets the basic automatic rhythm (pacemaker, inspiration) quiet normal breathing

• contains inspiratory and expiratory neurons

Answer explanation

Ventral respiratory group: Contains inspiratory and expiratory neurons (augment forced breathing quiet during normal breathing )

Pneumotaxic and apneustic centers (pons) are Modifiers of the inspiratory depth and rate as established by the medullary centers

• True ( Pneumotaxic Center is the inspiratory off switch)

• False (Apneustic Center is the inspiratory off swith)

Answer explanation