Cell Division and Cells Review

Each body cell in a human contains the same DNA, but heart cells and liver cells have different functions. Why is this true?

• Heart tissue develops before liver tissue.

• Liver tissue develops before heart tissue.

• When heart cells divide, mutations typically occur.

• Heart cells express different genes than liver cells.

Which explanation describes how cells are differentiated in multicellular organisms?

• All genes are always working, but repressor proteins control what tRNA is formed by mRNA.

• All genes are always working, but chemicals in the cell stop some proteins from forming.

• All cells have the same genes, but the age of the cell will determine which genes are active.

• Genes are turned on and off at various times of the cell's life, creating only certain proteins in the cell.

Which example best shows how different cells have specialized functions?

• In an octopus, cells divide repeatedly to reform a lost tentacle.

• In a human, the red blood cells lack nuclei and help to transport oxygen.

• In a bacterium, a single cell removes waste products and aids in cell division.

• In a plant, xylem cells transport water, and phloem cells transport food.

Which statement best distinguishes stem cells from other body cells?

• Stem cells are any body cells, such as mature red blood cells, that lack DNA.

• Stem cells are unspecialized cells that are able to differentiate into various cell types.

• Stem cells are cells that have temporarily differentiated into specialized cells.

• Stem cells are cells in multicellular organisms that are unable to perform cell division.

Which statement is true for specialized cells?

• They have the ability to differentiate into new cells.

• Bone marrow and adult stem cells are examples.

• Stem cells are formed when specialized cells reproduce.

• Their function is determined by the gene expressed.

Stem cells have the ability to divide and form one or more different types of cells. What is the name of this process of specialization that forms different types of cells?

• cytokinesis

• differentiation

• reorganization

• transformation

The diploid number of chromosomes for human skin cells is 46. If the cells undergo mitosis, what will be the diploid number of chromosomes in the new skin cells?

• 12

• 23

• 46

• 92

Which statement about mitosis is true?

• Each daughter cell has one full set of identical chromosomes.

• Each daughter cell has one full set of different chromosomes.

• Each daughter cell has one half of a set of identical chromosomes.

• Each daughter cell has one half of a set of different chromosomes.

Which statement describes the resulting daughter cells?

• The daughter cells will be genetically identical to each other, and they will contain exactly half of the genetic information of the original cell.

• The daughter cells will be genetically different from each other as well as genetically different from the original cell.

• The daughter cells will be genetically identical to each other as well as genetically identical to the original cell.

• The daughter cells will contain all the genetic information of the original cell, but the genes will be reordered resulting in genetic differences between the two cells.

What is the primary function of the cell membrane?

• To control the movement of substances in and out of the cell.

• To provide structural support to the cell.

• To synthesize proteins for the cell.

• To store genetic information of the cell.