Plant Organ Systems Exam

A flower that has both male and female reproductive structures is shown. Which statement best describes an interaction that will allow a flowering plant to reproduce by self-pollination?

• An anther is transferred from a filament to another filament within the same flower.
• An ovule is transferred from the ovary to a petal on a different flower.
• A pollen grain is transferred from an anther to the stigma of the same flower.
• An ovary is transferred from a flower on one plant to a flower on a different plant.

Students set up a controlled experiment by growing the same type of seedlings in two different locations. After a period of time, the students observed the seedlings and recorded their observations in the table shown. What caused the shoots of the seedlings on the windowsill to bend toward the window?

• Hormones produced in response to a light stimulus
• Sugars produced in response to a gravity stimulus
• Carbon dioxide produced in response to a water stimulus
• Water produced in response to a nitrogen stimulus

Gibberellins are hormones produced in the root tips of plants. The plant uses these hormones to stimulate the growth of shoots. How are gibberellins able to affect other parts of the plant?

• Gibberellins are absorbed through the stomata and attach to chloroplasts.
• Gibberellins are transported through vascular tissues to other parts of the plant.
• Gibberellins become concentrated within the tissues of the plant during mitosis.
• Gibberellins become modified once they infect healthy cells and are later released to infect
• other cells.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-4

A chart of some plant systems and functions is shown. Which system interactions are dependent on the plant’s ability to respond to the direction of light?

• Option 1
• Option 2
• Option 3
• Option 4

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NGSS.MS-LS1-6

Plant roots have extensions called root hairs. These root hairs are important in the homeostasis of the plant. Which statement best explains the importance of the root hairs to the stems and leaves of the plant?

• Root hairs convert minerals into glucose for immediate use by cells.
• Root hairs decrease the need for osmosis and diffusion in vascular tissue.
• Root hairs prevent water loss in leaves through transpiration and gas exchange.
• Root hairs increase the surface area of the roots for nutrient and water absorption.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

`Fruits grown in hot climates are usually less sweet than those grown in cooler temperatures. The high temperatures increase the rate of respiration in the plants, thus reducing the sugar content in some fruits. Why does increased respiration in the leaves and stems reduce the sugar content in the fruits of a plant?

• Chloroplasts move from the fruits to the leaves and stems to provide energy for respiration.
• The flow of nutrients shifts from the phloem to the xylem, moving nutrients away from the fruits.
• Sugars are moved from the fruits to the roots for storage.
• Sugars produced in the leaves are used as an energy source instead of being stored in fruits.

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NGSS.HS-LS2-3

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Invasive plant species affect the interactions of living and nonliving components of an ecosystem, so the removal of invasive plants is often necessary. The goal of most plant-control methods is to disrupt or inhibit the function of different plant systems. For example, insects can be used to chew through roots in order to reduce a plant’s ability to absorb water. Which of these functions would be most immediately affected by a reduction in water up take by roots?

• Disease resistance
• Seed dispersal
• Sunlight absorption
• Photosynthesis

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NGSS.MS-LS1-6

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NGSS.MS-LS2-4

A student reads this advertisement for a product containing a plant micronutrient that can be added to soil. Based on this information, the student can conclude that boron is absorbed by plant roots from soil and then —

• transported to reproductive tissues by the plant’s shoot system
• stored in plant stems until the flowers are pollinated
• concentrated in the roots until the plant’s reproductive tissues mature
• transported by the phloem to the stomata in leaves, where it attracts pollinators

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NGSS.MS-LS2-1

Cytokinins are a class of plant hormones that help regulate growth by promoting cell division. Cytokinins are produced mainly in meristematic tissue, where most plant growth occurs. Which system carries cytokinins produced in the roots to the rest of the plant?

• Vascular system
• Dermal system
• Reproductive system
• None of these

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Several structures work together to allow flowering plants to reproduce. The diagram shows a typical flower. Which option below correctly pairs the function and location of each structure or group of structures in the reproduction of the plant?

• X Pollen production ; Y Pollen transfer ; Z Production of eggs
• X Attraction of pollinators; Y Production of male sex cells ; Z Egg production and embryo development
• X Protection for embryo; Y Supply nourishment to embryo; Z Place of embryonic development
• X Photosynthesis; Y Production of cells that protect internal organs; Z Production of egg and sperm

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NGSS.MS-LS1-4