Industrial Imperialism "The New Imperialism"

In the reading "Industrial Imperialism" Trevor Getz lays out the context of the global political world before 1870. Which of the following accurately captures what he was trying to help us see about the political motivations of nations in the world before 1870? (There may be more than one accurate statement)

• People around the world were increasingly driven by a nationalistic feeling to have their own countries (nation-states).

• The world was made of both nation-states and empires.

• Nearly all the industrialized states had hit the pause button on empire expansion during this time

• Nearly every industrialized state was pursuing empire to strengthen their industrial needs.

Answer explanation

It's VERY IMPORTANT to note that by 1870, the political environment of the world was driven by Enlightened concepts of popular sovereignty and a strong belief that nations should determine their own destiny. But by 1880, there would be a massive shift in attitude which will be led by the consequences of imperial moves that certain forces within the world would undertake. It's also important to note that this impetus for change was not just pushed by western powers, but by global powers. These industrial global powers began to believe that their pursuit of raw materials, markets to sell their manufactured goods and the right to do so without any regulation or consideration for international codes of ethics was paramount to their existence the progress of the world.

Between which dates was the vast majority of Africa "carved up" between the worlds powers seeking raw materials and markets to sell their manufactured goods?

• 1880-1914

• 1800-1914

• 1850-1945

• 1750-1914

Answer explanation

When we study the effects of industrial imperialism, Africa becomes the most important continent to focus on. Remember - this is a continent that had suffered the ravages of the slave trade created by the columbian exchange and the commercial revolution that kick started the modern economic world we now live in. And by 1880, the African Slave trade had been outlawed for well over half a century. So, when in 1880, Africa is taken over by western powers, it once again alerts us to the contradictions of western idealism. What is right for certain people is denied to others because of the need for raw materials and increased competition in the global market place. Some historians argue that to better understand what brought on the horrors of WWI and WWII - we must look closely at what western powers did do easily in Africa. And of course, Japan does very similar things in China and South East Asia.

When Trevor Getz talks about what was NOT NEW about the New Imperialism he uses two examples to back up the argument that the New Imperialism is actually exactly like older forms of imperial control. (There may be more than one right answer)

• The example of how the British used "indirect rule" models they learned from the Mughals

• The example of how many imperial nations used labor practices very much like the labor practices used in 17th and 18th century carribean imperialism.

• The example of how new imperialism used the same tactics as Genghis Khan.

• The example of how new imperial models used models very much like the Persian empire under Alexander the Great.

Answer explanation

Trevor Getz to showed similarities between New Imperialism and older forms of imperial control. One example was the British model of “indirect rule” in their new African colonies—finding local allies and paying them to do most of the governing—was based on similar practices they had learned from the Mughals in South Asia. And some British methods of ruling the new colonies were influenced by even older policies they had created to rule their North American and Caribbean colonies in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries! So to call this a "New Imperialism" is a little a historical. It's better therefore to call this imperialism "Industrial Imperialism" which clearly undermined so many of the progressive and Enlightened legal frameworks that the revolutionary change sought in the later 18th and early 19th century by European powers like Great Britain.

Match the following contributors to the rise in Imperialism from the 1880s to 1914.

• The "Civilizing Mission"

• 
• Technological Advances

• 
• The "Man on the Spot"

• 
• Nationalism

• 
• Raw Materials

• 

Trevor Getz's clearly outlined what Imperialism meant at the start of his essay called "Industrial Imperialism; the New Imperialism". Which of the following captures how he defined it?

• A term used to describe the ideas , beliefs and actions that one uses to justify and control others.

• A term used to define the wonderful good that western nations did for non-western nations.

• A term used to describe the horrible things that Europeans did to non-European peoples in the 18th and 19th centuries.

• A term used to describe something industrial nations sought to avoid in the late 19th centuries.

Answer explanation

Trevor Getz helps us better understand how we can use vocab to break down what we're learning by defining Imperialism as a term used to describe the ideas , beliefs and actions that one uses to justify and control others.

Trevor Getz's clearly outlined what Empire meant at the start of his essay called "Industrial Imperialism; the New Imperialism". Which of the following captures how he defined it?

• A term used to describe the ideas , beliefs and actions that one uses to justify and control others.

• A term used to define how many communities are overseen and controlled by members of one community or state who also enjoy more rights and privileges.

• A term used to define how only European powers worked to control non-European powers.

• A term used to describe something industrial nations sought to avoid in the late 19th centuries.

Answer explanation

Trevor Getz helps us better understand how we can use vocab to break down what we're learning by defining Empire as a term used to define how many communities are overseen and controlled by members of one community or state who also enjoy more rights and privileges.

Trevor Getz's clearly outlined what Colonialism meant at the start of his essay called "Industrial Imperialism; the New Imperialism". Which of the following captures how he defined it?

• the experience the citizens of the imperial power have where their ideas, beliefs and actions are the one's preferred.

• The experience used to define how communities are overseen and controlled by members another community.

• the experience where European powers worked to control non-European powers.

• The experience of groups of prople who are being ruled.

Answer explanation

Trevor Getz helps us better understand how we can use vocab to break down what we're learning by defining colonialism as a term used to define the experience of groups of prople who are being ruled.

In the Overview video that Kim Lochner and Kolby Burnett provided for the "Consequences of Empire" Unit, they defined empire as something specific. Which of the following best captures what they helped us understand?

• Empire is the necessary period of time the world went through where modernization occurred and the benefits of globalism became realized.

• By definition, “empire” describes an unequal relationship between the people who rule and the people who are ruled. From 1880-1914 the world fell back into this world reality.

• Empire is an old term and what occurred from 1880-1914 cannot be called Empire because what happened as a "New" type of Imperialism that had never been experienced before.

Answer explanation

Our teachers who introduce this unit clearly share the following in their overview video. By definition, “empire” describes an unequal relationship between the people who rule and the people who are ruled. In the Long 19th Century, almost a third of the world’s landmass and population were part of industrial empires ruled by Britain, France, and newcomers like Germany, Japan, and the United States. And even though many of these states were at the forefront of democracy for their time, they ruled very unequal empires.

According to Kim Lochner and Kolby Burnett, by 1914, how much of the world was ruled by "Empire"? ​ (a)  

• 1/3

• 1/5

• 1/2

• 1/10

Answer explanation

By 1914, according to Kim Lochner and Kolby Burnett, 1/3 of the world was ruled by 'Empire', making the correct answer 1/3.

Ms. Lochner and Mr. Burnett make a bold statement when they clarified how "Empire" worked form 1880-1914. They did this to clarify the strange inconsistencies that the new imperialist used to justify their rule over foreign lands. Inconsistencies that emerged from people who professed to believe in things like popular sovereignty, personal liberty and the right to own and control your property without being compelled by outside powers to do so.

• The new industrial empires were more invasive, more extensive, and more exploitative than those that had come before.

• The new industrial empires were more progressive and dedicated to furthering Enlightened ideas of self rule and democratic governments wherever they went.

• The new industrial powers were helping to free people form older forms of empire - placed like the middle east and South East Asia where oppressive empires like the Ottoman and Mughal were limiting peoples rights and freedoms.

Answer explanation

In the video our teachers help us to understand the following. "At the start of this era, it looked like the size and number of empires was on the decline. The revolutions in the Americas—Haiti, the United States, and Latin America—dramatically decreased the overall reach of empires in the late 18th and early 19th centuries....But empires bounced back late in the 19th century, and in a big way. Britain’s gradual conquest of India, with its immense wealth and large population, began this trend, and, by the 1880s, Britain was competing with many other imperial states, all vying to acquire vast empires in South and Southeast Asia, Africa, and Oceania...The new industrial empires were more invasive, more extensive, and more exploitative than those that had come before. These networks tied together an exploitative system of production and distribution in which the colonies produced raw materials, which were sent to the imperial state for manufacturing into consumer goods. The colonies then bought back those consumer goods at a higher price. This meant that money flowed from the colonies to the imperial state, impoverishing some in order to enrich others. All of this was made possible by the inequality of the empire as a community, divided between imperial citizens and colonial subjects."