esc1000 exam 2 study guide

The major layer of the Earth that includes the crust and uppermost part of the mantle is called the:

• Mesosphere

• Outer core

• Lithosphere

• Asthenosphere

What type of fault is primarily associated with horizontal movement?

• Thrust fault

• Normal fault

• Reverse fault

• Strike-slip fault

What are the primary seismic waves that cause the most damage to buildings during an earthquake?

• S waves

• Surface waves

• Q waves

• P waves

What is the main difference between intensity scales and magnitude scales?

• Intensity scales measure vertical movements, while magnitude scales measure horizontal movements.

• Intensity scales are used for large earthquakes, while magnitude scales are used for small earthquakes.

• Intensity scales are used for volcanic eruptions, while magnitude scales are used for earthquakes.

• Magnitude scales measure the energy released, while intensity scales measure the shaking effects.

What primarily generates most earthquakes?

• Glacial movements

• Plate tectonic movements

• Volcanic eruptions

• Wind erosion

What is the primary cause of glacial movement?

• Wind

• Earth's rotation

• Gravity

• Magnetic forces

Which of the following statements describes one of the significant effects of Ice Age glaciers?

• Ice Age glaciers had no notable impact on Earth's landscapes or climate.

• Ice Age glaciers were primarily responsible for the formation of volcanoes.

• Ice Age glaciers led to a global increase in sea levels

• Ice Age glaciers caused the extinction of many plant and animal species

During the Last Glacial Maximum, which of the following statements is true?

• Sea levels were significantly higher compared to present-day levels

• Glaciers covered vast areas of the Earth's surface.

• The Earth's climate was at its warmest point in history.

• The Atlantic Ocean formed.

How do glaciers move?

• Glaciers flow like a slow river of ice

• Glaciers move by breaking and reforming as they advance

• Glaciers do not move; they remain stationary.

• Glaciers move uphill towards the top of the mountain

Which of the following locations is most likely to have a desert climate?

• A region near the equator with consistent temperatures and abundant rainfall.

• A coastal region with frequent rainfall and high humidity

• A mountainous area with heavy snowfall during winter

• A location far from large bodies of water with little precipitation and high temperatures.