Temperature and Heat

What is thermal expansion?

• Thermal expansion is the phenomenon where matter contracts in response to a change in temperature.

• Thermal expansion is the process of converting thermal energy into mechanical energy.

• Thermal expansion is the tendency of matter to change in volume in response to a change in temperature.

• Thermal expansion is the term used to describe the change in color of a material due to heat.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Give an example of thermal expansion in everyday life.

• Mixing ingredients in baking

• Freezing water in a container

• Heating a metal pot on a stove

• Boiling an egg

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

How does temperature affect the volume of a substance?

• Temperature has no effect on the volume of a substance

• Temperature causes the substance to change color, not volume

• Temperature only affects the weight of a substance, not its volume

• Temperature affects the volume of a substance by changing the kinetic energy of its particles, leading to expansion or contraction.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Define specific heat capacity.

• The rate at which a substance absorbs heat

• The mass of a substance required to raise its temperature by one degree Celsius

• Amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of a unit mass of a substance by one degree Celsius.

• Amount of energy required to cool a substance by one degree Celsius

What is the formula to calculate the change in temperature using specific heat capacity?

• Change in temperature = Energy supplied + Mass * Specific heat capacity

• Change in temperature = Energy supplied / (Mass * Specific heat capacity)

• Change in temperature = Energy supplied * Mass * Specific heat capacity

• Change in temperature = Energy supplied - Mass / Specific heat capacity

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NGSS.HS-PS3-1

Explain the concept of heat capacity.

• Heat capacity is the same as specific heat.

• Heat capacity is the measure of a substance's ability to conduct heat.

• Heat capacity is the amount of energy required to cool a substance by one degree Celsius.

• Heat capacity is the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of a substance by one degree Celsius.

Why does water have a high specific heat capacity?

• Water has a high specific heat capacity because it is a gas at room temperature.

• Hydrogen bonds in water require a lot of energy to break, leading to a high specific heat capacity.

• Water has a low specific heat capacity due to weak intermolecular forces.

• Water has a high specific heat capacity because it is a simple molecule.

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How does specific heat capacity affect the rate at which a substance heats up or cools down?

• Specific heat capacity has no impact on the rate of heating or cooling

• Specific heat capacity affects the rate at which a substance heats up or cools down by determining how much heat energy is needed to change its temperature.

• Specific heat capacity directly determines the color of the substance

• Specific heat capacity affects the substance's ability to conduct electricity

What is the relationship between specific heat capacity and the amount of energy required to change the temperature of a substance?

• Specific heat capacity decreases as the energy required to change the temperature of a substance increases.

• The lower the specific heat capacity of a substance, the more energy is required to change its temperature.

• The higher the specific heat capacity of a substance, the more energy is required to change its temperature.

• Specific heat capacity has no impact on the amount of energy required to change the temperature of a substance.

Compare the specific heat capacities of water and iron.

• Water and iron have the same specific heat capacity

• Water has a specific heat capacity of 0.45 J/g°C

• Water has a specific heat capacity of approximately 4.18 J/g°C, while iron has a specific heat capacity of approximately 0.45 J/g°C.

• Iron has a specific heat capacity of 4.18 J/g°C

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NGSS.HS-PS3-4