Unit 2 ( Exoloration)

Comparing the two pictures, how is Renaissance art different from Middle Ages art?

• Middle Ages art had more detail and textures.

• 
  Renaissance art was more focused on religion.

• Middle Ages art had backgrounds with more texture and detail. 

• 
  Renaissance art was more realistic and life-like. 

Which of these would be valued most by a Renaissance thinker who emphasized individualism?

• 
  A nation's strength

• 
  A person's achievements

• A family's ancestors

• An army's success in battle

Which was a significant feature of European Renaissance culture?

• 
  an outlook emphasizing classicism, education, and individualism 

• a reliance on the Pope to make all decisions regarding education

• 
  a shift in production from the domestic system to the factory system

• 
  a change of thinking, stressing the importance of religious study 

“Don Jose Ruiz and Don Pedro Montez, of the Island of Cuba, having purchased 53 slaves at Havana, imported from Africa, put them on board the Amistad... After being out from Havana about four days, the African captives on board, in order to obtain their freedom and return to Africa, armed themselves with cane knives and rose upon the Captain and crew of the vessel. Captain Ferrer and the cook of the vessel were killed; Ruiz and Montez were made prisoners.”

According to the text above, how did the enslaved Africans on the Amistad respond to enslavement?

• They did nothing and accepted their fate.

• 
  They conducted a nonviolent resistance protest.

• 
  They used a violent uprising to resist enslavement.

• They negotiated with the captain for their freedom.

Scientists during the Scientific Revolution faced many pressures from their society, especially in regards to the Church and its beliefs. Since the Church was in charge of much of the government during this time, how did the Church deal with these scientists?

• 
  The church ignored the scientists because science and religion were considered separate. 

• 
  The church labeled the scientists as heretics for challenging the church’s authority. 

• 
  The church claimed that science actually supported the ideas of religious authority.

• The church worked with the scientists to form a government built on reason. 

Which statement is true?

• The map shows how the three regions were connected in acquiring natural resources, labor, and manufactured goods.

• The map shows how the three regions relied on one another for the exchange of information. 

• The map shows how the three regions were affected by push and pull factors. 

• The map shows how the three regions were affected by the immigration process. 

Why was the triangular trade an example of mercantilism?

• The ship captains bought and sold products and enslaved people.  They shipped them to other ports to sell for a profit for the company that owned the ship.

• The rulers of Africa controlled a large group of trading vessels, but allowed ship captains to trade. Both the rulers and captains made decisions on what to trade. 

• The farmers in Europe had made their products the same way for thousands of years.  This was done to keep the population alive and they welcomed new trade with the Americans.

• 
  The colonies provided raw materials to the rulers of Europe. In return, European rulers sold manufactured goods to the colonies and restricted their trade. 

The slave trade became a highly regulated business, as each slaving nation sought to license and control its own part. The trade received formal state backing from monarchs and from legislatures, … In addition, the trade was made possible by the development of modern financial systems. Global trade on such a vast geographic scale involved enormous time lags. Slave ships were away from their home ports for 12–18 months at a time, and sugar and tobacco were sold in Europe months after being harvested by slaves. As a result, ship owners and planters were always in need of credit.

Which sentence best summarizes the main idea of the source above?

• The transatlantic slave trade was strictly controlled and regulated by ship captains. 

• The transatlantic slave trade was regulated and supported by governemnts. 

• The transatlantic slave trade received no financial backing by modern financial systems.

• 
  The transatlantic slave trade took place only in European markets. 

Which of the following motivated the Portuguese and Spanish to establish water routes to Asia’s spice markets?

• To experiment with new technology such as the astrolabe and compass

• To avoid the land routes that were controlled by Muslim traders 

• 
  To provide jobs for navigators, cartographers, and shipbuilders 

• To discover new continents, plants, and animals

“Española is a wonder. Its mountains and plains, and meadows, and fields, are so beautiful and rich for planting and sowing, and rearing cattle of all kinds, and for building towns and villages. The harbors on the coast, and the number and size and wholesomeness of the rivers, most of them bearing gold, surpass anything that would be believed by one who had not seen them. . . . In this island there are many spices and extensive mines of gold and other metals. . . .
and that they might aid us by giving us these things of which we stand in need, but which they possess in abundance.”
—Christopher Columbus from Selected Letters of Christopher Columbus, translated by R. H. Major

Which of the following claims is best supported by the text above?

• 
  The purpose of colonization was to build homes for the people. 

• The purpose of colonization was to gain natural resources and profit. 

• The purpose of colonization was to provide economic aid to people. 

• The purpose of colonization was to spread Catholicism.