10.1 Cellular Respiration: An Overview

Living things need energy to carry out their life processes. Animals get this energy from food through a process called cellular __________.

• respiration

• photosynthesis

• fermentation

• digestion

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The first stage of cellular respiration, glycolysis, occurs in __________ conditions, or without oxygen.

• aerobic

• anaerobic

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The second stage, called the Krebs cycle, and the third stage, electron transport, require the presence of oxygen, and are therefore _______.

• aerobic

• anaerobic

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Yabine is studying energy from food in her nutrition class. She learns that fats, proteins, and carbohydrates can store different amounts of energy because they have different chemical ___________ and different numbers of energy-storing chemical bonds.

• structures

• compounds

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Carbohydrates and proteins each release

______calories per gram when burned.

• 4000

• 9000

• 5000

• 10000

Fats or lipids releases about ______ calories per gram.

• 4000

• 9000

• 10000

• 5000

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The molecule containing the most energy-storing chemical bonds is _____.

• carbohydrate

• fat/lipid

• protein

• nucleic acid

In cellular respiration, energy is trapped in the form of ATP, which is used for cellular work, and acts as a “currency” for energy transfers within a cell.

Which everyday item functions in a way similar to ATP?

• An electric generator, because it produces electrical energy from a fuel to run cell processes.

• A pump, because it moves molecules from one side of a membrane to another.

• A rechargeable battery, because it can store energy and then release it.

• An electric motor, because the charge difference spins the ATP, which allows for cellular work.

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Which BEST describes the process of aerobic cellular respiration?

• a process that uses nitrogen molecules from the air to make nitrogenous compounds in living things

• a process of energy conversion that releases energy from food in the presence of oxygen, forming new compounds

• a process of energy conversion that captures light energy and transforms it into chemical energy

• a process of energy transfer that converts liquid water into water vapor

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Cellular respiration is balanced by photosynthesis; the two processes work together to maintain the cycling of carbon and oxygen among Earth systems. What describes the roles of carbon dioxide and water in these two processes?

• Carbon dioxide and water are the reactants of both processes.

• Carbon dioxide and water are the products of both processes.

• Carbon dioxide is a reactant of photosynthesis; water is a reactant of cellular respiration.

• Carbon dioxide and water are the reactants of photosynthesis and the products of cellular respiration.

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