Quick Protein Synthesis Review

What is the role of DNA and RNA in providing genetic directions to cells?

• DNA contains instructions for making proteins, while RNA carries that information to ribosomes.

• DNA carries information to ribosomes, while RNA contains instructions for making proteins.

• DNA and RNA have no role in providing genetic directions to cells.

• DNA and RNA are only present in plant cells.

What are the types of RNA involved in protein synthesis?

• messenger RNA

• transfer RNA

• ribosomal RNA

What forms codons that represent amino acids in the genetic code?

• Groups of two bases

• Groups of four bases

• Groups of three bases

• Groups of five bases

What determines the sequence of amino acids during protein synthesis?

• RNA

• Lipids

• Carbohydrates

• DNA

What does the central dogma of molecular biology describe the relationship between?

• DNA and RNA

• RNA and proteins

• DNA, RNA, and Proteins

• Proteins and enzymes

What carries genetic instructions from DNA to ribosomes for protein synthesis?

• Protein

• DNA

• mRNA

• rRNA

To make a ​ (a)   , a gene's DNA sequence is ​ (b)   to a strand of ​ (c)   . RNA is ​ (d)   into chains of ​ (e)   by ribosomes, and a protein is formed.

• protein
• transcribed
• RNA
• translated
• amino acids

Each gene along a strand of DNA has the information to tell the cell to produce a specific ​ (a)   . A gene is made up of a particular ​ (b)   of DNA bases. This sequence acts as a ​ (c)   for a protein.

• protein
• sequence
• code

​ (a)   : forms part of ribosomes, cell's protein factories

​ ​ (b)   : brings amino acids from cytoplasm to a ribosome to help make growing proteins.

​ (c)   : intermediate message that is translated to form a protein

• rRNA
• tRNA
• mRNA

A particular mouse found in northern Canada has a light gray coat in the colder winter months but in the summer months has a dark brown coat. What can you say about this change?

• This is an example of natural selection

• The dominant gene switches generations.

• The gene's expression is controlled by temperature

• The gene's expression is controlled by light exposure