Rubinstein Chapter 5 Languages

A regional variation of language spoken in a local area with a distinctive vocabulary, spelling, and pronunciation is a

• language family

• language branch

• language root

• dialect

A lingua franca is

• a language that is mutually understood by people who have different native languages

• a language used by French colonial administrators

• an extinct language that has been revived

• an English word that has entered the French language

Biologist Quentin Atkinson argues the reason why languages on this continent are more diverse and complex than on other continents is because languages originated on this continent

• Austrailia

• Europe

• Africa

• North America

According to Colin Renfrew's Sedentary Farmer theory, Indo-European languages diffused across Europe

• with the diffusion of agriciulture

• entirely by sea

• following the silk road

• by way of the kurgan homeland

A creolized language is

• a revived formerly extinct language

• extinct

• a possible prehistoric superfamily

• a mix of indigenous and colonial languages

Switzerland has four official languages. Which of the following has occurred in Switzerland that allows the peaceful coexistence of the four official languages?

• The german occupation of Switzerland in WWII required the Swiss to establish a multilingual constitution per the dictates of Germany.

• Switzerland created a government that places considerable power in small communities

• The flat terrain allowed for a great deal of historical contact between communities

• A strong centralized government in Switzerland mandated there would be four official languages

Why did Israel choose to revive Hebrew when Israel was established as an independent country in 1948?

• There was already a full modern Hebrew dictionary that made the transition straightforward

• They wanted to separate themselves from their Arabic speaking neighbors

• They did it for purely religious motives

• The population of Israel consisted of refugees and migrants from many different countries, and Hebrew was still used in Jewish prayers

A language without known language relatives is a(n)

• isolated language

• vulgar latin

• pidgin language

• isogloss

A form of speech that adopts a simplified grammar and limited vocabulary of a lingua franca is as a(n)

• threatened language

• pidgin language

• toponym

• isogloss

A logogram

• are symbols that represent words, or meaningful parts of words

• is a threatened language

• are the letters of the arabic alphabet

• are heavily incorporated in the written English language