Weather, climate, and fronts test

Above a continent, a warm air mass slowly passes over a cold air mass. As the warm air begins to cool, clouds form. What will most likely happen next?

• lightning will strike

• hail will form

• hurricanes will form

• rain will fall

What is the main cause of water evaporation from the ocean?

• Heat energy from the Sun

• Wind and wave action along the shore

• Heat energy from the ocean floor

• Currents in the ocean

Jet streams are long, wide air currents in the upper atmosphere. They often affect weather over large areas. In what direction do jet streams above North America usually flow?

• north to south

• east to west

• west to east

• south to north

The following map shows the average elevations of four U.S. state capitals. Which city would you expect to have the lowest air pressure?

• Lansing, MI

• Phoenix, AZ

• Atlanta, GA

• Cheyenne, WY

A meteorologist is monitoring the weather around Tallahassee. She collects the following data from her weather instruments:

**Air pressure dropping quickly

**Warm air is rising rapidly

**Water droplets being pushed upward to the topmost part of a cloud

**Doppler radar map shows pockets of air with the wind blowing in opposite directions

Based on the weather data, what should the meteorologist include in the weather forecast for the Tallahassee area?

• tornado watch with heavy rain and hail

• drop in air temperature with light snow

• increasing humidity with light rain

• approaching hurricane with heavy rain and strong winds

Which best explains why the Gulf Stream tends to bring warmer air to the east coast of Florida?

• The Gulf Stream brings water from the equator

• The Gulf Stream is the result of the Earth’s Rotation

• The Gulf Stream changes direction each year

• . The Gulf Stream is a deep ocean current

What type of weather will Florida expect when the front comes through?

• light rain or drizzle

• many days of rain, snow, or fog

• heavy precipitation or thunderstorms

• sunny, clear, and windy

Which statement best describes how energy transfer within Earth’s atmosphere can affect a weather condition?

• During convection, warm air rises and cool air falls which affects the amount of precipitation

• During radiation, electromagnetic waves transfer heat and light energy which affects the air temperature.

• During radiation, objects directly transfer heat to each other which affects the air temperature

• During convection, electromagnetic waves transfer heat and light energy which affects the amount of precipitation.

If a mass of cold air from Canada pushes the polar jet stream south to Florida, what change in temperature would she predict?

• colder by more than ten degrees

• cooler by a few degrees

• warmer by a few degrees

• hotter by more than ten degrees

Which statement best describes the climate of the two cities

• Both locations are influenced by a warm current making them warm.

• Hopedale is influenced by a cold ocean current making it colder and Stornoway is influenced by a warm ocean current making it warmer.

• They have the same climate because they have the same latitude.

• Stornoway is influenced by a cold ocean current making it colder and Hopedale is influenced by a warm ocean current making it warmer.