What is the purpose of controlling redundancy in a database?

• b) To ensure data consistency

• a) To increase storage space

• c) To improve data security

• d) To reduce data access time

What is a transaction in the context of a database?

• b) An executing program or process involving database accesses

• a) A database schema

• c) A database constraint

• d) A database query

What type of constraint ensures that every course record must have a unique value for Course number?

• b) Key or uniqueness constraint

• a) Referential integrity constraint

• c) Domain constraint

• d) Check constraint

What is the capacity to change the conceptual schema without affecting external schemas or application programs?

• a) Logical data independence

• b) Physical data independence

• c) Data abstraction

• d) Data manipulation

What are traditional database applications primarily composed of?

• a) Textual and numeric data

• b) Multimedia data

• c) Social media posts

• d) Video clips

Which of the following is an implication of using the database approach?

• b) Reduced application development time

• a) Increased redundancy

• c) Decreased data availability

• d) Limited scalability

What type of systems are designed to handle large volumes of data?

• b) NOSQL systems

• a) Traditional database systems

• c) Hierarchical systems

• d) Network systems

Which interface type presents the user with step-by-step options to formulate a request?

• a) Menu-based interfaces

• b) Mobile apps

• c) Forms-based interfaces

• d) Graphical user interfaces

What is the process of storing data in a database controlled by the DBMS called?

• b) Construction

• a) Definition

• c) Manipulation

• d) Sharing

What type of interfaces present the user with lists of options to formulate a request?

• c) Menu-based interfaces

• a) Forms-based interfaces

• b) Graphical user interfaces

• d) Natural language interfaces