RMB p10

QN=178 What error may occur when research subjects are studied in situations that are inconsistent with their normal behaviour patterns, leading to atypical responses?

• a. Reactivity.
• b. Observer effect.
• c. Subject error.
• d. Time error.

QN=179 A valid example of the participant-as-observer role is _____

• a. a football match anchor.
• b. an examination proctor.
• c. a supervisor watching over employees' activities.
• d. an employee who is doing research on his/her own company.

QN=180 What error is associated with structured observations, where the observations are not typical of the time period in which the event being studied would normally occur?

• a. Observer effect.
• b. Subject error.
• c. Time error.
• d. Reactivity.

QN=181 Observation is a form of:

• a. (i) primary research.
• b. (ii) qualitative research.
• c. (iii) quantitative research.
• d. all of (i), (ii), and (iii).

QN=182 One advantage of observation is:

• a. that data must be interpreted.
• b. it takes a great deal of time to do.
• c. it can be subjective.
• d. it should be accurate.

QN=183 What are the factors behind the choice of participant observer role?

• a. (i) The purpose of your research.
• b. (ii) The time you have to commit to your research.
• c. (iii) Organizational access.
• d. All of (i), (ii), (iii) and other factors.

QN=184 Self-observation, using a diary, is:

• a. intrinsic.
• b. insider trading.
• c. interpolation.
• d. intrusive.

QN=185 Supporters of observation consider it to be:

• a. creative.
• b. objective.
• c. negative.
• d. subjective.

QN=186 A valid example of the observer-as-participant role is _____

• a. an interviewer.
• b. a policeman standing on a booth and directing traffic.
• c. a supervisor who may jump in to help his/her employees.
• d. an officer watching security cameras.

QN=187 A valid example of the complete participant role is _____

• a. a spy.
• b. a well-known researcher.
• c. an interviewer.
• d. a supervisor.