Classification of Compounds

What type of bond is present in ionic compounds?

• Covalent bond

• Metallic bond

• Ionic bond

• Hydrogen bond

Give an example of an ionic compound.

• Sodium chloride (NaCl)

• Iron oxide

• Calcium sulfate

• Potassium nitrate

How do covalent compounds differ from ionic compounds?

• Covalent compounds have high melting points, while ionic compounds have low melting points.

• Covalent compounds involve sharing of electrons, while ionic compounds involve transfer of electrons.

• Covalent compounds are always solid, while ionic compounds can be in any state of matter.

• Covalent compounds involve transfer of electrons, while ionic compounds involve sharing of electrons.

Name a covalent compound.

• Hydrochloric acid (HCl)

• Salt (NaCl)

• Carbon dioxide (CO2)

• Water (H2O)

What is the general trend in melting points of ionic compounds?

• Low

• Constant

• Fluctuating

• High

Explain why ionic compounds are usually solid at room temperature.

• Ionic compounds are solid at room temperature because they lack a lattice structure.

• Ionic compounds are solid at room temperature due to the strong electrostatic forces of attraction between positive and negative ions in their lattice structure.

• Ionic compounds are solid at room temperature because they contain only one type of ion.

• Ionic compounds are solid at room temperature due to weak intermolecular forces.

What state of matter are most covalent compounds at room temperature?

• Solid

• Bose-Einstein condensate

• Plasma

• Gas or liquid

Why do covalent compounds generally have lower melting points compared to ionic compounds?

• Weaker intermolecular forces

• Stronger intermolecular forces

• Greater electronegativity difference

• Higher molecular weight

What is the melting point of most ionic compounds?

• Low

• Medium

• Freezing

• High

Give an example of a covalent compound that exists as a gas at room temperature.

• Carbon dioxide (CO2)

• Nitrogen gas (N2)

• Hydrogen gas (H2) or oxygen gas (O2)

• Chlorine gas (Cl2)