Cybersecurity 1

Virus

• An attack that takes advantage of code flaws that have VERY recently been discovered.
• Data that has been encrypted
• Scrambling data so that it looks like babble to anyone except those who know the trick to decoding it.
• A program that attaches to a host file with the goal of installing itself on a system.

Worm

• The program that manages all other applications on a computer (ex. Linux, Windows, Mac)
• Trojan that installs a backdoor for administrative control over the victim PC.
• When a database is exposed or stolen
• A program that reproduces itself and can transport from system to system without attaching to a file.

Difference between virus and worm

• A virus needs another program or host to replicate, but a worm can do it on its own.
• A group of programs installed by an attacker to gain complete control of a computer.
• Unsolicited commercial email, the electronic equivalent of the junk mail that comes through your mailbox.
• Technology used to allow a computer to have more than one operating system (OS) present and operating at the same time on a single piece of hardware. - essentially running a computer inside another computer

Trojan

• Using software programs which automate the process of rapidly testing all possible combinations of characters.
• Protection against unauthorized access (part of the CIA triad)
• Files that appear to be legitimate programs, but really contain malicious code.
• A precise set of instructions that tells programs how to scramble and unscramble data.

RAT (Remote Access Trojan)

• Protection against unauthorized modification (part of the CIA triad)
• The practice of hiding messages, so that the presence of the message itself is hidden (most common example: hiding text in images)
• Physical objects that are embedded with sensors, software, and other technologies, and that connect and exchange data with other devices and systems over the Internet or networks.
• Trojan that installs a backdoor for administrative control over the victim PC.

Backdoor

• Testing a weak password against a large number of accounts.
• The program that manages all other applications on a computer (ex. Linux, Windows, Mac)
• Programs that create a mechanism for gaining
• A program that blocks access to files or use of the device until a ransom is paid.

access to a computer.

• Scrambling data so that it looks like babble to anyone except those who know the trick to decoding it.
• Uses a measurable physical characteristic to verify identity
• Protection against unauthorized access (part of the CIA triad)
• access to a computer.

Rootkit

• The virtual computer with an operating system (OS) running inside a virtualization software.
• Protection against unauthorized access (part of the CIA triad)
• A group of programs installed by an attacker to gain complete control of a computer.
• A program that attaches to a host file with the goal of installing itself on a system.

Zero Day

• The virtual computer with an operating system (OS) running inside a virtualization software.
• Protection against unauthorized access (part of the CIA triad)
• A precise set of instructions that tells programs how to scramble and unscramble data.
• An attack that takes advantage of code flaws that have VERY recently been discovered.

Ransomware

• A program that blocks access to files or use of the device until a ransom is paid.
• Using software programs which automate the process of rapidly testing all possible combinations of characters.
• Technology used to allow a computer to have more than one operating system (OS) present and operating at the same time on a single piece of hardware. - essentially running a computer inside another computer
• A precise set of instructions that tells programs how to scramble and unscramble data.