Simple Machines Guided reading

What is the mechanical advantage of a machine that applies a force of 10 N to move a resistance of 20 N?

• 0.5

• 2

• 1

• 10

Which of the following is NOT a type of simple machine?

• Lever

• Pulley

• Battery

• Screw

According to the text, what is efficiency?

• The ratio of the distance the machine will move to the force applied

• The ratio of the work input to the work output

• The ratio of the machine's mechanical advantage to the distance moved

• The ratio of the work output to the work input

What is the ideal mechanical advantage (IMA) if the effort distance (De) is 15 m and the resistance distance (Dr) is 3 m?

• 5

• 20

• 3

• 0.2

Which of the following functions is NOT performed by a simple machine?

• Transferring a force from one place to another

• Changing the direction of a force

• Creating energy

• Increasing the magnitude of a force

Before the invention of the wheel in 3500 B.C., humans were severely limited in how much stuff they could transport over land. What did Natalie Wolchover cite as one of the significant changes brought by the wheel in her article "Top 10 Inventions that Changed the World"?

• It facilitated agricultural practices.

• It facilitated the transportation of goods to and from markets.

• It increased the speed of communication.

• It improved the construction of buildings.

What was the great innovation that occurred in mounting a wheel on an axle?

• The wheel could be attached to an axle that was supported by a bearing, or it could be made to turn freely about the axle.

• The wheel could be used to increase the speed of vehicles.

• The wheel could be made from lighter materials.

• The wheel could be designed to fit different types of terrain.

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What is the function of a wheel and axle as a force multiplier?

• To decrease the amount of work needed to move an object.

• To increase the rotational force applied to the wheel.

• To increase the distance over which a force is applied.

• To increase the force applied to the axle to achieve a greater effect.

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What is the ideal mechanical advantage (IMA) of a wheel and axle if the effort is applied to the large radius?

• IMA = r/R

• IMA = R/r

• IMA = R + r

• IMA = 1

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According to the image, what does the center of the axle serve as in a wheel and axle mechanism?

• A pivot point

• A force multiplier

• A fulcrum

• A bearing