What is a network protocol?

A set of rules governing the exchange or transmission of data between devices

A device that connects different networks

A programming language used for creating network applications

Why is protocol layering used?

To simplify the network design and facilitate interoperability between different network components

To prevent data from being transmitted over the network

To create a single protocol that handles all aspects of networking

To increase the cost and complexity of network communication

Name three other types of operating systems besides real-time operating systems.

Multi-user, single-user, distributed

Single-tasking, time-sharing, online

Explain how an operating system deals with an interrupt from a device such as a keyboard or printer.

The operating system pauses current operations, addresses the interrupt, and then resumes operations.

The operating system ignores the interrupt and continues current operations.

The operating system shuts down the device that caused the interrupt.

The operating system prompts the user to manually address the interrupt.

What action does Sundip's algorithm take when the value input is "A"?

Pop two values from the numbers stack, add the two values, and push the result back onto the numbers stack

Pop one value from the numbers stack and output this value

Subtract the first popped value from the second and push the result back onto the numbers stack

Push the input value to the numbers stack

What does Sundip's algorithm do when the input value is "S"?

Pop two values from the numbers stack, subtract the first popped value from the second, and push the result back onto the numbers stack

Add the two values and push the result back onto the numbers stack

Push the input value to the numbers stack

Output the value and end the program

What is the action taken by Sundip's algorithm for any input value other than "A", "S", or "E"?

Push the input value to the numbers stack

Pop two values from the numbers stack and add or subtract them based on the input

Output the value and end the program

Pop one value from the numbers stack and output this value

What does Sundip's algorithm do when the input value is "E"?

Pop one value from the numbers stack and output this value

Push the input value to the numbers stack

Add the two values and push the result back onto the numbers stack

Subtract the first popped value from the second and push the result back onto the numbers stack

What will be the state of the stack after the input value '7' is entered into the algorithm, assuming the first value '8' has already been entered?

The stack will contain the values 8 and 7, with 7 on top.

The stack will only contain the value 8, as 7 will not be added.

The stack will be empty because the input 7 will cause the stack to clear.

The stack will contain the values 7 and 8, with 8 on top.

Why will the algorithm not work correctly if the user enters '4 2 S A E' as input data?

Because the input 'S' will attempt to remove an item from the stack when there are not enough items to be removed.

Because the input '4' will cause an error in the algorithm.

Because the stack will overflow due to too many inputs.

Because the letter 'A' is not a valid input for the algorithm.

Describe one difference between a stack and a queue.

A stack uses Last In First Out (LIFO) principle, while a queue operates on a First In First Out (FIFO) basis.

A stack operates on a First In First Out (FIFO) basis, while a queue uses Last In First Out (LIFO).

A stack allows random access to its elements, whereas a queue only allows sequential access.

Both stack and queue allow elements to be added and removed from any position.

Describe one difference between an array and a list.

An array has a fixed size, whereas a list can grow dynamically.

An array can store elements of different data types, while a list can only store elements of the same data type.

An array is not indexed, whereas a list is indexed.

Both array and list are always implemented as linked data structures.

State how a tuple is different to a list.

A tuple is immutable, meaning it cannot be changed after creation, while a list is mutable.

A tuple can only contain numeric data types, while a list can contain any data types.

A tuple is mutable, meaning it can be changed after creation, while a list is immutable.

Both tuple and list are mutable and can be changed after creation.

Describe how the second item in a linked list would be accessed using pointer values.

By using the pointer of the first item to access the second item.

By directly accessing the second element's memory address.

By iterating through the list from the last item using pointers until the second item is reached.

By using a special function that searches for the second item based on its value.

Give one advantage of storing values using two's complement instead of sign and magnitude.

It allows for simpler addition and subtraction of binary numbers.

It requires less memory to store the values.

It can represent a larger range of numbers.

It is easier to convert to decimal form.

What is one reason why a multi-core processor can sometimes execute programs more quickly than a single core processor?

Multi-core processors can run multiple programs simultaneously.

Multi-core processors have higher clock speeds.

Multi-core processors can perform more operations per second.

Multi-core processors consume less power, leading to better performance.

Why might the assumption that a multi-core processor will always execute programs more quickly than a single core processor not be true?

Not all programs are designed to take advantage of multiple cores.

Single-core processors are more modern than multi-core processors.

Multi-core processors are only faster if they have higher clock speeds.

Single-core processors are more efficient at multitasking.

What CSS code would you use to format all text using the tag as white with a red background?

h1 { color: white; background-color: red; }

h1 { color: red; background-color: white; }

h1 { text-color: white; background: red; }

h1 { foreground-color: white; background: red; }

What is one way programmers can ensure images used on a web interface are used legally if they have not created the images themselves?

Use images with a Creative Commons license

Use any image found on the internet without restriction

Use images only from public domain sources without any credit

Copy images directly from other websites without permission

Which SQL statement would you use to delete all records from the TblAccessLog table for users who have a UserType of "NotNeeded"?

DELETE FROM TblAccessLog WHERE UserType = 'NotNeeded';

DROP TABLE TblAccessLog WHERE UserType = 'NotNeeded';

UPDATE TblAccessLog SET UserType = 'NotNeeded' WHERE UserType = 'User';

SELECT * FROM TblAccessLog WHERE UserType = 'NotNeeded';

Which of the following is a requirement for a database to be in First Normal Form (1NF)?

There should be no duplicate rows in the table.

All attributes must be dependent on a primary key.

The table must contain repeating groups or arrays.

Each table cell should contain multiple values.

Why is the TblAccessLog table not in First Normal Form (1NF)?

Because it stores multiple values in the DateAccessed field.

Because it contains a composite primary key.

Because it does not have a primary key.

What is the output P for the input combination A=1, B=0, C=1 in the logic circuit shown in Fig. 6?

The output cannot be determined with the given information.

The output depends on the previous state of the circuit.

Computer Applications Quiz

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Are BIOS settings stored in RAM?

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Why is virtual storage well-suited for storing backups?

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What is one benefit of using a spreadsheet application to calculate employee wages compared to calculating wages manually?

Which of the following could be an application package that a small business might use other than a spreadsheet application?

What is a drawback of using closed source software for a small business?

What does BIOS stand for?

Can the BIOS be used to alter hardware settings, such as which storage device the computer boots from?

Are BIOS settings stored in RAM?

Why is virtual storage well-suited for storing backups?

Which of the following is an advantage of connecting computers together in a Local Area Network (LAN)?

What is a network protocol?

Name two protocols that may be used in a LAN.

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