The Industrial Revolution

What does Thomas Malthus say about food supply and population control?

• A larger population would produce enough food to meet the needs of everyone.
• Population can be controlled by depriving some people of food and resources.
• Production of goods in the right amount can keep the population under control.
• Having fewer children means more food is available to meet the needs of the population.

How did the slave trade of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries aid the Industrial Revolution in Britain?

• Profits from the slave trade were invested in the development of new industries.
• Slave labor was more efficient in terms of productivity compared to paid labor.
• Slaves helped to increase the demand for manufactured goods, making them more profitable.
• The taxes collected from slave owners was used develop the steam engine and other innovations.

Which statement describes how the Industrial Revolution affected the population of Britain?

• Population growth started slowing down as poverty increased in urban areas.
• Greater food production led to an increase in the overall population.
• The population increased rapidly in rural areas where the air was cleaner.
• The population declined because of deaths caused by poor working conditions.

What was the purpose of banning labor unions in Britain?

• to prevent workers from quitting factories on the grounds of low pay
• to maintain peace in urban neighborhoods by preventing worker riots
• to prevent factory owners from gaining a monopoly on certain goods
• to prevent workers from organizing strikes and stopping production
• to stop the flood of foreign immigrants who were overcrowding the cities

What effect did the Enclosure Acts have on people’s working lives?

• Changes brought about by the acts prevented large farmers from taking lands from smaller farmers.
• Small farmers could no longer work on common lands and had to move to cities for work.
• Peasants started working on enclosed lands and soon became wealthy because of higher wages.
• Landowners forced peasants to build roads and bridges as part of the new enclosure laws.

Which of these statements describes a common characteristic of utopianism, socialism, and communism?

• They all are compatible with the major principles of capitalism.
• They all exploit labor but divide resources equally among the social classes.
• They all emerged as a reaction to the harmful flaws of capitalism.
• They all depend on an increase in population and workers’ rights.

Which three (3) of these inventions helped trigger the agricultural revolution in Britain?

• crop rotation techniques
• railroads
• selective livestock breeding
• electric lightbulb
• seed drill

Match the following

• Capitalism

• small percentage of private individuals have ownership over means of production

• Socialism

• means of production owned by the people and the government for the welfare of society

• Utopianism

• ideal society in which everyone is treated fairly and taken care of

Match the following

• Combination Act

• The unemployed moved into workhouses.

• Poor Law

• Small farmers had to move to cities.

• Enclosure Act

• Workers had to endure poor working conditions.