Introduction to English

What is the study of sentence structure called?

• Pragmatics

• Syntax

• Morphology

• Semantics

What is a sentence?

• A group of words that starts with a verb

• A group of words that ends with an exclamation

• A group of words that contains a noun

• A group of words that expresses a thought

What is at the heart of syntax according to the text?

• Spelling

• Tense

• Punctuation

• Word order

What is a constituent in syntax?

• A group of words that function together as a unit

• A verb phrase

• A single word in a sentence

• A punctuation mark

What is the function of a modifier in a phrase?

• It is optional and adds to the meaning of the head

• It is the verb in the phrase

• It is the most important element

• It is the head of the phrase

What are the four basic types of constituency tests mentioned in the text?

• Syntax tests, Grammar tests, Vocabulary tests, Spelling tests

• Replacement tests, Movement tests, Cleft tests, Answer to questions

• Phonetics tests, Morphology tests, Semantics tests, Pragmatics tests

• Reading tests, Writing tests, Listening tests, Speaking tests

What is a cleft construction in syntax?

• A sentence with a split or gap

• A sentence with no verbs

• A sentence with only adjectives

• A sentence with multiple subjects

What do phrase structure trees represent?

• The pronunciation of words, the origin of words, the meaning of words

• The linear order of words, identification of syntactic categories, hierarchical structure

• The color of words, the size of words, the font of words

• The punctuation of words, the capitalization of words, the spacing of words

What type of the constituency test is it:

If a string of words is a constituent, it’s usually grammatical for it to stand alone as the answer to a question based on the sentence.

• Answer to questions

• Cleft tests

• Movement tests

• Replacement tests

What is the purpose of distinguishing between the category and function of a constituent?

• To make sentences longer

• To show the complexity of language

• Because most categories of phrase have a variety of different functions

• To confuse students