USHC 1 - 3 Stimulus Review

And be it also further Enacted by the same authority … that whatsoever person or persons shall… declare call or denominate any person or persons whatsoever … within this Province… an Heretic, Schismatic, Idolator, puritan, Independant, Prespiterian popish priest, Jesuit, Jesuited papist, Lutheran, Calvinist, Anabaptist, Brownist, Antinomian, Barrowist, Roundhead, Separatist, or any other name or term in a reproachful (disrespectful) manner relating to matter of Religion shall for every such offense forfeit and lose the sum of ten shillings sterling or the value thereof to be levied on the goods and chattels of every such Offender and Offenders, the one half thereof to be forfeited and paid unto the person and persons of whom such reproachful words are or shall be spoken or uttered, and the other half thereof to the Lord Proprietary and his heirs Lords and Proprietaries of this Province… 

Source: Maryland Toleration Act of 1649

A historian would best use this document as evidence of what aspect of colonial life in Maryland?

• the punitive nature of colonial laws in Maryland

• evidence of intolerance of religious worship in colonial law

• evidence of colonial support for the democratic principle of religious tolerance

• the existence of a unified religious community in colonial America

And be it also further Enacted by the same authority … that whatsoever person or persons shall… declare call or denominate any person or persons whatsoever … within this Province… an Heretic, Schismatic, Idolator, puritan, Independant, Prespiterian popish priest, Jesuit, Jesuited papist, Lutheran, Calvinist, Anabaptist, Brownist, Antinomian, Barrowist, Roundhead, Separatist, or any other name or term in a reproachful (disrespectful) manner relating to matter of Religion shall for every such offense forfeit and lose the sum of ten shillings sterling or the value thereof to be levied on the goods and chattels of every such Offender and Offenders, the one half thereof to be forfeited and paid unto the person and persons of whom such reproachful words are or shall be spoken or uttered, and the other half thereof to the Lord Proprietary and his heirs Lords and Proprietaries of this Province… 

Source: Maryland Toleration Act of 1649

This document most likely led to which result?

• forced exile of members of Protestant religious denominations from Maryland

• forfeiture of English citizenship by religious residents of Maryland

• conversion of thousands of Maryland residents from Catholicism to Protestantism

• the thriving of a variety of religious communities in the colony of Maryland

...Small islands not capable of protecting themselves, are the proper objects for kingdoms to take under their care; but there is something very absurd, in supposing a continent to be perpetually governed by an island. In no instance hath nature made the satellite larger than its primary planet, and as England and America, with respect to each other, reverses the common order of nature, it is evident that they belong to different systems: England to Europe, America to itself....

Source: Thomas Paine, Common Sense, 1776

The argument presented in this passage was intended to

• urge colonists to accept the Albany Plan of Union

• provide a reason for ratification of the Constitution of the United States

• convince American colonists to declare their independence

• persuade France to aid the United States in the Revolutionary War

...Small islands not capable of protecting themselves, are the proper objects for kingdoms to take under their care; but there is something very absurd, in supposing a continent to be perpetually governed by an island. In no instance hath nature made the satellite larger than its primary planet, and as England and America, with respect to each other, reverses the common order of nature, it is evident that they belong to different systems: England to Europe, America to itself....

Source: Thomas Paine, Common Sense, 1776

This document led to a turning point in history because

• it led Paine’s readers to support colonizing small, helpless island

• it led more American colonists to support declaring their independence from Britain

• it led Americans to dominate Britain in international trade

• it changed readers’ understanding of geography

...Small islands not capable of protecting themselves, are the proper objects for kingdoms to take under their care; but there is something very absurd, in supposing a continent to be perpetually governed by an island. In no instance hath nature made the satellite larger than its primary planet, and as England and America, with respect to each other, reverses the common order of nature, it is evident that they belong to different systems: England to Europe, America to itself....

Source: Thomas Paine, Common Sense, 1776

Based on the passage, which statement best describes Paine’s point of view?

• American colonists are not represented in English government

• England has mistreated its American colonists

• The American colonists have failed to respect English authority

• England should not rule over its American colonies

Which document includes this passage? "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. That to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed. That whenever any form of government becomes destructive to these ends, it is the right of the people to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to affect their safety and happiness..."

• Mayflower Compact

• Declaration of Independence

• Northwest Ordinance

• Monroe Doctrine

This passage suggests that the authority of government:

“We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. That to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed. That whenever any form of government becomes destructive to these ends, it is the right of the people to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to affect their safety and happiness…”

• originates from the divine right of kings

• is based on a social contract meant to guarantee individual rights

• includes the power to seize private property for national defense

• is the source of all the natural rights of citizens

 . . The great rule of conduct for us in regard to foreign nations is, in extending our commercial relations to have with them as little political connection as possible. So far as we have already formed engagements let them be fulfilled with perfect good faith. Here let us stop. Europe has a set of primary interests which to us have none or a very remote relation. Hence she must be engaged in frequent controversies, the causes of which are essentially foreign to our concerns. Hence, therefore, it must be unwise in us to implicate ourselves by artificial ties in the ordinary vicissitudes [shifts] of her politics or the ordinary combinations and collisions of her friendships or enmities. Our detached and distant situation invites and enables us to pursue a different course. If we remain one people, under an efficient government, the period is not far off when we may defy material injury from external annoyance; when we may take such an attitude as will cause the neutrality we may at any time resolve upon to be scrupulously [completely] respected; when belligerent nations, under the impossibility of making acquisitions upon us, will not lightly hazard the giving us provocation; when we may choose peace or war, as our interest, guided by justice, shall counsel. . . .

Source: President George Washington, Farewell Address, September 19, 1796

Based on the speech, what course of action is Washington recommending?

• Expanding international trade

• Remaining active in foreign affairs

• Taking an neutral role in foreign affairs

• Gaining more international allies

 . . The great rule of conduct for us in regard to foreign nations is, in extending our commercial relations to have with them as little political connection as possible. So far as we have already formed engagements let them be fulfilled with perfect good faith. Here let us stop. Europe has a set of primary interests which to us have none or a very remote relation. Hence she must be engaged in frequent controversies, the causes of which are essentially foreign to our concerns. Hence, therefore, it must be unwise in us to implicate ourselves by artificial ties in the ordinary vicissitudes [shifts] of her politics or the ordinary combinations and collisions of her friendships or enmities. Our detached and distant situation invites and enables us to pursue a different course. If we remain one people, under an efficient government, the period is not far off when we may defy material injury from external annoyance; when we may take such an attitude as will cause the neutrality we may at any time resolve upon to be scrupulously [completely] respected; when belligerent nations, under the impossibility of making acquisitions upon us, will not lightly hazard the giving us provocation; when we may choose peace or war, as our interest, guided by justice, shall counsel. . . .

Source: President George Washington, Farewell Address, September 19, 1796

This speech is an example of

• a precedent established by Washington

• Washington’s expansion of presidential power

• Washington’s interpretation of the Constitution

• Debates between Federalists and Anti-Federalists

Which of the following events influenced the changes in cotton production and slavery in the United States between 1800 and 1860 illustrated in the graphs above?

• Eli Whitney invented the Cotton Gin

• The three-fifths compromise in the Constitution

• The Fugitive Slave Act was passed by Congress

• Erie Canal was completed in 1825