Summative Assessment of Report Text

An eclipse is an astronomical event that occurs when one celestial object moves into the shadow of another. The term is most often used to describe either a solar eclipse, when the Moon's shadow crosses the Earth's surface, or a lunar eclipse, when the Moon moves into the shadow of Earth.

Eclipses may occur when the Earth and Moon are aligned with the Sun, and the shadow of one body cast by the Sun falls on the other. So at New Moon (or rather Dark Moon), when the Moon is in conjunction with the Sun, the Moon may pass in front of the Sun as seen from a narrow region on the surface of the Earth and cause a solar eclipse. At Full Moon, when the Moon is in opposition to the Sun, the Moon may pass through the shadow of the Earth, and a lunar eclipse is visible from the night half of the Earth.

An eclipse does not happen at every New or Full Moon, because the plane of the orbit of the Moon around the Earth is tilted with respect to the plane of the orbit of the Earth around the Sun, so as seen from the Earth, when the Moon is nearest to the Sun (New Moon) or at largest distance (Full Moon), the three bodies usually are not exactly on the same line.

When does lunar eclipse happen?

• in the morning

• in the afternoon

• in the evening

• in the midday

An eclipse is an astronomical event that occurs when one celestial object moves into the shadow of another. The term is most often used to describe either a solar eclipse, when the Moon's shadow crosses the Earth's surface, or a lunar eclipse, when the Moon moves into the shadow of Earth.

Eclipses may occur when the Earth and Moon are aligned with the Sun, and the shadow of one body cast by the Sun falls on the other. So at New Moon (or rather Dark Moon), when the Moon is in conjunction with the Sun, the Moon may pass in front of the Sun as seen from a narrow region on the surface of the Earth and cause a solar eclipse. At Full Moon, when the Moon is in opposition to the Sun, the Moon may pass through the shadow of the Earth, and a lunar eclipse is visible from the night half of the Earth.

An eclipse does not happen at every New or Full Moon, because the plane of the orbit of the Moon around the Earth is tilted with respect to the plane of the orbit of the Earth around the Sun, so as seen from the Earth, when the Moon is nearest to the Sun (New Moon) or at largest distance (Full Moon), the three bodies usually are not exactly on the same line.

What is the main idea of the third paagraph?

• An eclipse never happens at New or Full Moon

• The Sun and the Moon rotate on the same line

• The Sun is the biggest planet in our solar system

• We can see the surface of the Moon from the Earth

An eclipse is an astronomical event that occurs when one celestial object moves into the shadow of another. The term is most often used to describe either a solar eclipse, when the Moon's shadow crosses the Earth's surface, or a lunar eclipse, when the Moon moves into the shadow of Earth.

Eclipses may occur when the Earth and Moon are aligned with the Sun, and the shadow of one body cast by the Sun falls on the other. So at New Moon (or rather Dark Moon), when the Moon is in conjunction with the Sun, the Moon may pass in front of the Sun as seen from a narrow region on the surface of the Earth and cause a solar eclipse. At Full Moon, when the Moon is in opposition to the Sun, the Moon may pass through the shadow of the Earth, and a lunar eclipse is visible from the night half of the Earth.

An eclipse does not happen at every New or Full Moon, because the plane of the orbit of the Moon around the Earth is tilted with respect to the plane of the orbit of the Earth around the Sun, so as seen from the Earth, when the Moon is nearest to the Sun (New Moon) or at largest distance (Full Moon), the three bodies usually are not exactly on the same line.

What will happen if the Moon's shadow crosses the Earth's surface? There will be ….

• a new moon

• a solar eclipse

• a full moon

• a lunar eclipse

An elephant is the largest and strongest animals. It is a strange looking animal with its thick legs, huge sides and backs, large hanging ears, a small tail, little eyes, long white tusks and above all it has a long nose, the trunk.

The trunk is elephant’s peculiar feature, and it has various uses. The elephant draws up water by its trunk and can squirt it all over its body like a shower bath. It can also lift leaves and puts them into its mouth. In fact the trunk serves the elephant as a long arm and hand. An elephant looks very clumsy and heavy and yet it can move very quickly.

The elephant is a very intelligent animal. Its intelligence combined with its great strength make it a very useful servant to man and it can be trained to serve in many ways such as carry heavy loads, hunt for tigers and even fight.

It is stated in the text that the elephant uses the trunk to do the following, EXCEPT ....

• to eat

• to squirt water over the body

• to drink

• to push

Butterflies are a type of insect with large and often colorful wings. They start out as eggs. They lay their eggs on leaves. The eggs hatch into caterpillars with tabular body. The caterpillar eats leaves, beds, or flowers of plants.

When a caterpillar is full sized, it goes into another stage called chrysalis. Caterpillars attach themselves to something solid before becoming a chrysalis. The caterpillar inside the chrysalis changes into a butterfly. Some butterflies make the change in one week. Some others take years to change.

When the change is complete, the adult butterfly splits the chrysalis. The insect unfolds its wings and pumps blood and air into then. It spreads out the wings until they become dry and harder. The beautiful butterfly then flies to get nectar from flowers. Most butterflies live only for one or two weeks.

What is the text mostly about?

• Physical characteristics of butterflies

• How a caterpillar lives

• How butterflies lay their eggs

• Butterflies' life stages

Butterflies are a type of insect with large and often colorful wings. They start out as eggs. They lay their eggs on leaves. The eggs hatch into caterpillars with tabular body. The caterpillar eats leaves, beds, or flowers of plants.

When a caterpillar is full sized, it goes into another stage called chrysalis. Caterpillars attach themselves to something solid before becoming a chrysalis. The caterpillar inside the chrysalis changes into a butterfly. Some butterflies make the change in one week. Some others take years to change.

When the change is complete, the adult butterfly splits the chrysalis. The insect unfolds its wings and pumps blood and air into then. It spreads out the wings until they become dry and harder. The beautiful butterfly then flies to get nectar from flowers. Most butterflies live only for one or two weeks.

Why do butterflies fly to some flowers?

• To get nectar

• To get some food

• To pump blood

• To dry their wings

Butterflies are a type of insect with large and often colorful wings. They start out as eggs. They lay their eggs on leaves. The eggs hatch into caterpillars with tabular body. The caterpillar eats leaves, beds, or flowers of plants.

When a caterpillar is full sized, it goes into another stage called chrysalis. Caterpillars attach themselves to something solid before becoming a chrysalis. The caterpillar inside the chrysalis changes into a butterfly. Some butterflies make the change in one week. Some others take years to change.

When the change is complete, the adult butterfly splits the chrysalis. The insect unfolds its wings and pumps blood and air into then. It spreads out the wings until they become dry and harder. The beautiful butterfly then flies to get nectar from flowers. Most butterflies live only for one or two weeks.

Where does a caterpillar change into a butterfly?

• On the leaves

• On the flower

• Inside the chrysalis

• Inside the nectar

An electronic calculator is a small, portable electronic device used to perform both arithmetic operations and complex mathematical operations.

The first solid electronic calculator was created in the 1960 s, building on the extensive history of tools such as the abacus (developed around 2000 BC), and the mechanical calculator (developed in the 17^th century AD). It was developed in parallel with the analog computers of the day.

In addition to general purpose of calculators, there are those designed for specific markets, for example, there are scientific calculators which include trigonometric and statistical calculations. Some calculators even have the ability to do computer algebra. Graphing calculators can be used to graph functions defined on the real line, or higher dimensional Euclidean space.

According to the text, what is the usage of calculator? It is ....

• To write numbers

• To count numbers

• To make notes about numbers

• To play music

An electronic calculator is a small, portable electronic device used to perform both arithmetic operations and complex mathematical operations.

The first solid electronic calculator was created in the 1960 s, building on the extensive history of tools such as the abacus (developed around 2000 BC), and the mechanical calculator (developed in the 17^th century AD). It was developed in parallel with the analog computers of the day.

In addition to general purpose of calculators, there are those designed for specific markets, for example, there are scientific calculators which include trigonometric and statistical calculations. Some calculators even have the ability to do computer algebra. Graphing calculators can be used to graph functions defined on the real line, or higher dimensional Euclidean space.

When was the mechanical calculator developed? It was developed in ....

• 2000 BC

• 1960

• 17^th Century

• 2007

An electronic calculator is a small, portable electronic device used to perform both arithmetic operations and complex mathematical operations.

The first solid electronic calculator was created in the 1960 s, building on the extensive history of tools such as the abacus (developed around 2000 BC), and the mechanical calculator (developed in the 17^th century AD). It was developed in parallel with the analog computers of the day.

In addition to general purpose of calculators, there are those designed for specific markets, for example, there are scientific calculators which include trigonometric and statistical calculations. Some calculators even have the ability to do computer algebra. Graphing calculators can be used to graph functions defined on the real line, or higher dimensional Euclidean space.

The meaning of “extensive” in the second paragraph is ....

• big

• loyal

• huge

• capacious