BIO 3A Voabculary

Diploid

• mutation in which one part of one chromosome breaks off and attaches to another
• a mutation in which one or more pairs of nucleotides are removed from a gene
• Cells with two sets of chromosomes.
• Cell division process producing gametes with half the chromosome number.

Frameshift Mutation

• Mutation involving the insertion or deletion of nucleotides.
• Haploid cell involved in sexual reproduction.
• Transfer of pollen from male to female reproductive organs.
• a mutation in which one or more pairs of nucleotides are removed from a gene

Gamete

• a condition of intellectual disability and associated physical disorders caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21.
• Haploid cell involved in sexual reproduction.
• a mutation that involves duplication of a region of DNA on the same strand
• Transfer of pollen from male to female reproductive organs.

Homologous Chromosome

• Mutation involving the insertion or deletion of nucleotides.
• Mutation in which a chromosome piece reattaches to original chromosome but in reverse orientation
• Pair of chromosomes with the same gene sequence.
• Cells with two sets of chromosomes.

Karyotype

• Mutation in which a chromosome piece reattaches to original chromosome but in reverse orientation
• Pair of chromosomes with the same gene sequence.
• a mutation that involves duplication of a region of DNA on the same strand
• Complete set of chromosomes in an individual's cells.

Meiosis

• Transfer of pollen from male to female reproductive organs.
• Mature male reproductive cells.
• Cells with two sets of chromosomes.
• Cell division process producing gametes with half the chromosome number.

Nondisjunction

• a condition of intellectual disability and associated physical disorders caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21.
• Error in chromosome separation during cell division.
• Chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual (pair 23 in humans)
• gene mutation in which a single base pair in DNA has been changed

Ova

• Eggs produced by the female reproductive system.
• Complete set of chromosomes in an individual's cells.
• a mutation in which one or more pairs of nucleotides are removed from a gene
• males with XXY sex chromosomes caused by nondisjunction on the sex chromosome in meiosis

Pollination

• gene mutation in which a single base pair in DNA has been changed
• Transfer of pollen from male to female reproductive organs.
• Mutation in which a chromosome piece reattaches to original chromosome but in reverse orientation
• Mature male reproductive cells.

Spermatozoa

• gene mutation in which a single base pair in DNA has been changed
• Mature male reproductive cells.
• Mutation involving the insertion or deletion of nucleotides.
• organism or cell having only one complete set of chromosomes